{"dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": {"cveId": "CVE-2023-53478", "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "Linux", "dateReserved": "2025-10-01T11:39:39.401Z", "datePublished": "2025-10-01T11:42:47.185Z", "dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T19:45:45.843Z"}, "containers": {"cna": {"providerMetadata": {"orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "shortName": "Linux", "dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T19:45:45.843Z"}, "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ntracing/synthetic: Fix races on freeing last_cmd\n\nCurrently, the \"last_cmd\" variable can be accessed by multiple processes\nasynchronously when multiple users manipulate synthetic_events node\nat the same time, it could lead to use-after-free or double-free.\n\nThis patch add \"lastcmd_mutex\" to prevent \"last_cmd\" from being accessed\nasynchronously.\n\n================================================================\n\nIt's easy to reproduce in the KASAN environment by running the two\nscripts below in different shells.\n\nscript 1:\n while :\n do\n echo -n -e '\\x88' > /sys/kernel/tracing/synthetic_events\n done\n\nscript 2:\n while :\n do\n echo -n -e '\\xb0' > /sys/kernel/tracing/synthetic_events\n done\n\n================================================================\ndouble-free scenario:\n\n process A process B\n------------------- ---------------\n1.kstrdup last_cmd\n 2.free last_cmd\n3.free last_cmd(double-free)\n\n================================================================\nuse-after-free scenario:\n\n process A process B\n------------------- ---------------\n1.kstrdup last_cmd\n 2.free last_cmd\n3.tracing_log_err(use-after-free)\n\n================================================================\n\nAppendix 1. KASAN report double-free:\n\nBUG: KASAN: double-free in kfree+0xdc/0x1d4\nFree of addr ***** by task sh/4879\nCall trace:\n ...\n kfree+0xdc/0x1d4\n create_or_delete_synth_event+0x60/0x1e8\n trace_parse_run_command+0x2bc/0x4b8\n synth_events_write+0x20/0x30\n vfs_write+0x200/0x830\n ...\n\nAllocated by task 4879:\n ...\n kstrdup+0x5c/0x98\n create_or_delete_synth_event+0x6c/0x1e8\n trace_parse_run_command+0x2bc/0x4b8\n synth_events_write+0x20/0x30\n vfs_write+0x200/0x830\n ...\n\nFreed by task 5464:\n ...\n kfree+0xdc/0x1d4\n create_or_delete_synth_event+0x60/0x1e8\n trace_parse_run_command+0x2bc/0x4b8\n synth_events_write+0x20/0x30\n vfs_write+0x200/0x830\n ...\n\n================================================================\nAppendix 2. KASAN report use-after-free:\n\nBUG: KASAN: use-after-free in strlen+0x5c/0x7c\nRead of size 1 at addr ***** by task sh/5483\nsh: CPU: 7 PID: 5483 Comm: sh\n ...\n __asan_report_load1_noabort+0x34/0x44\n strlen+0x5c/0x7c\n tracing_log_err+0x60/0x444\n create_or_delete_synth_event+0xc4/0x204\n trace_parse_run_command+0x2bc/0x4b8\n synth_events_write+0x20/0x30\n vfs_write+0x200/0x830\n ...\n\nAllocated by task 5483:\n ...\n kstrdup+0x5c/0x98\n create_or_delete_synth_event+0x80/0x204\n trace_parse_run_command+0x2bc/0x4b8\n synth_events_write+0x20/0x30\n vfs_write+0x200/0x830\n ...\n\nFreed by task 5480:\n ...\n kfree+0xdc/0x1d4\n create_or_delete_synth_event+0x74/0x204\n trace_parse_run_command+0x2bc/0x4b8\n synth_events_write+0x20/0x30\n vfs_write+0x200/0x830\n ..."}], "affected": [{"product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": ["kernel/trace/trace_events_synth.c"], "versions": [{"version": "27c888da9867725784bad3d6455d6e53b425fa2b", "lessThan": "9fe183f659a2704255e5d84f6ae308c234a113ec", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "27c888da9867725784bad3d6455d6e53b425fa2b", "lessThan": "8826d9e7bd51e7656f78baa4472e8e2f5e7069f0", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "27c888da9867725784bad3d6455d6e53b425fa2b", "lessThan": "4ccf11c4e8a8e051499d53a12f502196c97a758e", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}]}, {"product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "affected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": ["kernel/trace/trace_events_synth.c"], "versions": [{"version": "5.18", "status": "affected"}, {"version": "0", "lessThan": "5.18", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.1.24", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.2.11", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.2.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.3", "lessThanOrEqual": "*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"}]}], "cpeApplicability": [{"nodes": [{"operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.18", "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.24"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.18", "versionEndExcluding": "6.2.11"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.18", "versionEndExcluding": "6.3"}]}]}], "references": [{"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9fe183f659a2704255e5d84f6ae308c234a113ec"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8826d9e7bd51e7656f78baa4472e8e2f5e7069f0"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4ccf11c4e8a8e051499d53a12f502196c97a758e"}], "title": "tracing/synthetic: Fix races on freeing last_cmd", "x_generator": {"engine": "bippy-1.2.0"}}}}

{}

{"configurations": [{"nodes": [{"cpeMatch": [{"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "8CB3C741-A7F2-45BD-BD92-5C8D9FEFE8F4", "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.24", "versionStartIncluding": "5.18", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "93C03C9A-798F-4CD5-912F-A436BFA0CC7E", "versionEndExcluding": "6.2.11", "versionStartIncluding": "6.2", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.3:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "B8E3B0E8-FA27-4305-87BB-AF6C25B160CB", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.3:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "A47F0FC3-CE52-4BA1-BA51-22F783938431", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.3:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "3583026A-27EC-4A4C-850A-83F2AF970673", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.3:rc4:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "DC271202-7570-4505-89A4-D602D47BFD00", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.3:rc5:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "D413BB6D-4F74-4C7D-9163-47786619EF53", "vulnerable": true}], "negate": false, "operator": "OR"}]}], "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ntracing/synthetic: Fix races on freeing last_cmd\n\nCurrently, the \"last_cmd\" variable can be accessed by multiple processes\nasynchronously when multiple users manipulate synthetic_events node\nat the same time, it could lead to use-after-free or double-free.\n\nThis patch add \"lastcmd_mutex\" to prevent \"last_cmd\" from being accessed\nasynchronously.\n\n================================================================\n\nIt's easy to reproduce in the KASAN environment by running the two\nscripts below in different shells.\n\nscript 1:\n while :\n do\n echo -n -e '\\x88' > /sys/kernel/tracing/synthetic_events\n done\n\nscript 2:\n while :\n do\n echo -n -e '\\xb0' > /sys/kernel/tracing/synthetic_events\n done\n\n================================================================\ndouble-free scenario:\n\n process A process B\n------------------- ---------------\n1.kstrdup last_cmd\n 2.free last_cmd\n3.free last_cmd(double-free)\n\n================================================================\nuse-after-free scenario:\n\n process A process B\n------------------- ---------------\n1.kstrdup last_cmd\n 2.free last_cmd\n3.tracing_log_err(use-after-free)\n\n================================================================\n\nAppendix 1. KASAN report double-free:\n\nBUG: KASAN: double-free in kfree+0xdc/0x1d4\nFree of addr ***** by task sh/4879\nCall trace:\n ...\n kfree+0xdc/0x1d4\n create_or_delete_synth_event+0x60/0x1e8\n trace_parse_run_command+0x2bc/0x4b8\n synth_events_write+0x20/0x30\n vfs_write+0x200/0x830\n ...\n\nAllocated by task 4879:\n ...\n kstrdup+0x5c/0x98\n create_or_delete_synth_event+0x6c/0x1e8\n trace_parse_run_command+0x2bc/0x4b8\n synth_events_write+0x20/0x30\n vfs_write+0x200/0x830\n ...\n\nFreed by task 5464:\n ...\n kfree+0xdc/0x1d4\n create_or_delete_synth_event+0x60/0x1e8\n trace_parse_run_command+0x2bc/0x4b8\n synth_events_write+0x20/0x30\n vfs_write+0x200/0x830\n ...\n\n================================================================\nAppendix 2. KASAN report use-after-free:\n\nBUG: KASAN: use-after-free in strlen+0x5c/0x7c\nRead of size 1 at addr ***** by task sh/5483\nsh: CPU: 7 PID: 5483 Comm: sh\n ...\n __asan_report_load1_noabort+0x34/0x44\n strlen+0x5c/0x7c\n tracing_log_err+0x60/0x444\n create_or_delete_synth_event+0xc4/0x204\n trace_parse_run_command+0x2bc/0x4b8\n synth_events_write+0x20/0x30\n vfs_write+0x200/0x830\n ...\n\nAllocated by task 5483:\n ...\n kstrdup+0x5c/0x98\n create_or_delete_synth_event+0x80/0x204\n trace_parse_run_command+0x2bc/0x4b8\n synth_events_write+0x20/0x30\n vfs_write+0x200/0x830\n ...\n\nFreed by task 5480:\n ...\n kfree+0xdc/0x1d4\n create_or_delete_synth_event+0x74/0x204\n trace_parse_run_command+0x2bc/0x4b8\n synth_events_write+0x20/0x30\n vfs_write+0x200/0x830\n ..."}], "id": "CVE-2023-53478", "lastModified": "2026-01-20T16:38:08.117", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "HIGH", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 4.7, "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "NONE", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.0, "impactScore": 3.6, "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}]}, "published": "2025-10-01T12:15:50.270", "references": [{"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4ccf11c4e8a8e051499d53a12f502196c97a758e"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8826d9e7bd51e7656f78baa4472e8e2f5e7069f0"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9fe183f659a2704255e5d84f6ae308c234a113ec"}], "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "vulnStatus": "Analyzed", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-362"}], "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}]}

{"bugzilla": {"description": "kernel: tracing/synthetic: Fix races on freeing last_cmd", "id": "2400786", "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2400786"}, "csaw": false, "cvss3": {"cvss3_base_score": "5.5", "cvss3_scoring_vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "status": "draft"}, "details": ["No description is available for this CVE."], "name": "CVE-2023-53478", "package_state": [{"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:rhivos:1", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat In-Vehicle Operating System 1"}], "public_date": "2025-10-01T00:00:00Z", "references": ["https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-53478\nhttps://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-53478\nhttps://lore.kernel.org/linux-cve-announce/2025100112-CVE-2023-53478-3da0@gregkh/T"], "threat_severity": "Moderate"}

{"created": "2025-10-02T08:40:02.233960+00:00", "updated": "2025-10-02T08:40:02.234017+00:00", "vendors": ["linux", "linux$PRODUCT$linux_kernel"]}