{"dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": {"cveId": "CVE-2025-23135", "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "Linux", "dateReserved": "2025-01-11T14:28:41.511Z", "datePublished": "2025-04-16T14:13:15.795Z", "dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T21:13:38.682Z"}, "containers": {"cna": {"providerMetadata": {"orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "shortName": "Linux", "dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T21:13:38.682Z"}, "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nRISC-V: KVM: Teardown riscv specific bits after kvm_exit\n\nDuring a module removal, kvm_exit invokes arch specific disable\ncall which disables AIA. However, we invoke aia_exit before kvm_exit\nresulting in the following warning. KVM kernel module can't be inserted\nafterwards due to inconsistent state of IRQ.\n\n[25469.031389] percpu IRQ 31 still enabled on CPU0!\n[25469.031732] WARNING: CPU: 3 PID: 943 at kernel/irq/manage.c:2476 __free_percpu_irq+0xa2/0x150\n[25469.031804] Modules linked in: kvm(-)\n[25469.031848] CPU: 3 UID: 0 PID: 943 Comm: rmmod Not tainted 6.14.0-rc5-06947-g91c763118f47-dirty #2\n[25469.031905] Hardware name: riscv-virtio,qemu (DT)\n[25469.031928] epc : __free_percpu_irq+0xa2/0x150\n[25469.031976] ra : __free_percpu_irq+0xa2/0x150\n[25469.032197] epc : ffffffff8007db1e ra : ffffffff8007db1e sp : ff2000000088bd50\n[25469.032241] gp : ffffffff8131cef8 tp : ff60000080b96400 t0 : ff2000000088baf8\n[25469.032285] t1 : fffffffffffffffc t2 : 5249207570637265 s0 : ff2000000088bd90\n[25469.032329] s1 : ff60000098b21080 a0 : 037d527a15eb4f00 a1 : 037d527a15eb4f00\n[25469.032372] a2 : 0000000000000023 a3 : 0000000000000001 a4 : ffffffff8122dbf8\n[25469.032410] a5 : 0000000000000fff a6 : 0000000000000000 a7 : ffffffff8122dc10\n[25469.032448] s2 : ff60000080c22eb0 s3 : 0000000200000022 s4 : 000000000000001f\n[25469.032488] s5 : ff60000080c22e00 s6 : ffffffff80c351c0 s7 : 0000000000000000\n[25469.032582] s8 : 0000000000000003 s9 : 000055556b7fb490 s10: 00007ffff0e12fa0\n[25469.032621] s11: 00007ffff0e13e9a t3 : ffffffff81354ac7 t4 : ffffffff81354ac7\n[25469.032664] t5 : ffffffff81354ac8 t6 : ffffffff81354ac7\n[25469.032698] status: 0000000200000100 badaddr: ffffffff8007db1e cause: 0000000000000003\n[25469.032738] [<ffffffff8007db1e>] __free_percpu_irq+0xa2/0x150\n[25469.032797] [<ffffffff8007dbfc>] free_percpu_irq+0x30/0x5e\n[25469.032856] [<ffffffff013a57dc>] kvm_riscv_aia_exit+0x40/0x42 [kvm]\n[25469.033947] [<ffffffff013b4e82>] cleanup_module+0x10/0x32 [kvm]\n[25469.035300] [<ffffffff8009b150>] __riscv_sys_delete_module+0x18e/0x1fc\n[25469.035374] [<ffffffff8000c1ca>] syscall_handler+0x3a/0x46\n[25469.035456] [<ffffffff809ec9a4>] do_trap_ecall_u+0x72/0x134\n[25469.035536] [<ffffffff809f5e18>] handle_exception+0x148/0x156\n\nInvoke aia_exit and other arch specific cleanup functions after kvm_exit\nso that disable gets a chance to be called first before exit."}], "affected": [{"product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": ["arch/riscv/kvm/main.c"], "versions": [{"version": "54e43320c2ba0c70258a3aea690da38c6ea3293c", "lessThan": "1edb2de48616b11ee05e9a65d74c70abcb6d9939", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "54e43320c2ba0c70258a3aea690da38c6ea3293c", "lessThan": "1521cc04f0b6e737ff30105aa57fa9dde8493231", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "54e43320c2ba0c70258a3aea690da38c6ea3293c", "lessThan": "2d117e67f318303f6ab699a5511d1fac3f170545", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}]}, {"product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "affected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": ["arch/riscv/kvm/main.c"], "versions": [{"version": "6.4", "status": "affected"}, {"version": "0", "lessThan": "6.4", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.13.11", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.13.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.14.2", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.14.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.15", "lessThanOrEqual": "*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"}]}], "cpeApplicability": [{"nodes": [{"operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.4", "versionEndExcluding": "6.13.11"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.4", "versionEndExcluding": "6.14.2"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.4", "versionEndExcluding": "6.15"}]}]}], "references": [{"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1edb2de48616b11ee05e9a65d74c70abcb6d9939"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1521cc04f0b6e737ff30105aa57fa9dde8493231"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2d117e67f318303f6ab699a5511d1fac3f170545"}], "title": "RISC-V: KVM: Teardown riscv specific bits after kvm_exit", "x_generator": {"engine": "bippy-1.2.0"}}}}

{}

{"configurations": [{"nodes": [{"cpeMatch": [{"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "2225BBB7-0D2D-4991-BCA1-5AD3C39F7801", "versionEndExcluding": "6.13.11", "versionStartIncluding": "6.4", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "FADAE5D8-4808-442C-B218-77B2CE8780A0", "versionEndExcluding": "6.14.2", "versionStartIncluding": "6.14", "vulnerable": true}], "negate": false, "operator": "OR"}]}], "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nRISC-V: KVM: Teardown riscv specific bits after kvm_exit\n\nDuring a module removal, kvm_exit invokes arch specific disable\ncall which disables AIA. However, we invoke aia_exit before kvm_exit\nresulting in the following warning. KVM kernel module can't be inserted\nafterwards due to inconsistent state of IRQ.\n\n[25469.031389] percpu IRQ 31 still enabled on CPU0!\n[25469.031732] WARNING: CPU: 3 PID: 943 at kernel/irq/manage.c:2476 __free_percpu_irq+0xa2/0x150\n[25469.031804] Modules linked in: kvm(-)\n[25469.031848] CPU: 3 UID: 0 PID: 943 Comm: rmmod Not tainted 6.14.0-rc5-06947-g91c763118f47-dirty #2\n[25469.031905] Hardware name: riscv-virtio,qemu (DT)\n[25469.031928] epc : __free_percpu_irq+0xa2/0x150\n[25469.031976] ra : __free_percpu_irq+0xa2/0x150\n[25469.032197] epc : ffffffff8007db1e ra : ffffffff8007db1e sp : ff2000000088bd50\n[25469.032241] gp : ffffffff8131cef8 tp : ff60000080b96400 t0 : ff2000000088baf8\n[25469.032285] t1 : fffffffffffffffc t2 : 5249207570637265 s0 : ff2000000088bd90\n[25469.032329] s1 : ff60000098b21080 a0 : 037d527a15eb4f00 a1 : 037d527a15eb4f00\n[25469.032372] a2 : 0000000000000023 a3 : 0000000000000001 a4 : ffffffff8122dbf8\n[25469.032410] a5 : 0000000000000fff a6 : 0000000000000000 a7 : ffffffff8122dc10\n[25469.032448] s2 : ff60000080c22eb0 s3 : 0000000200000022 s4 : 000000000000001f\n[25469.032488] s5 : ff60000080c22e00 s6 : ffffffff80c351c0 s7 : 0000000000000000\n[25469.032582] s8 : 0000000000000003 s9 : 000055556b7fb490 s10: 00007ffff0e12fa0\n[25469.032621] s11: 00007ffff0e13e9a t3 : ffffffff81354ac7 t4 : ffffffff81354ac7\n[25469.032664] t5 : ffffffff81354ac8 t6 : ffffffff81354ac7\n[25469.032698] status: 0000000200000100 badaddr: ffffffff8007db1e cause: 0000000000000003\n[25469.032738] [<ffffffff8007db1e>] __free_percpu_irq+0xa2/0x150\n[25469.032797] [<ffffffff8007dbfc>] free_percpu_irq+0x30/0x5e\n[25469.032856] [<ffffffff013a57dc>] kvm_riscv_aia_exit+0x40/0x42 [kvm]\n[25469.033947] [<ffffffff013b4e82>] cleanup_module+0x10/0x32 [kvm]\n[25469.035300] [<ffffffff8009b150>] __riscv_sys_delete_module+0x18e/0x1fc\n[25469.035374] [<ffffffff8000c1ca>] syscall_handler+0x3a/0x46\n[25469.035456] [<ffffffff809ec9a4>] do_trap_ecall_u+0x72/0x134\n[25469.035536] [<ffffffff809f5e18>] handle_exception+0x148/0x156\n\nInvoke aia_exit and other arch specific cleanup functions after kvm_exit\nso that disable gets a chance to be called first before exit."}, {"lang": "es", "value": "En el kernel de Linux, se ha resuelto la siguiente vulnerabilidad: RISC-V: KVM: Desmontaje de bits espec\u00edficos de RISCV despu\u00e9s de kvm_exit. Durante la eliminaci\u00f3n de un m\u00f3dulo, kvm_exit invoca una llamada de desactivaci\u00f3n espec\u00edfica de la arquitectura, que deshabilita AIA. Sin embargo, al invocar aia_exit antes de kvm_exit, se genera la siguiente advertencia. El m\u00f3dulo del kernel KVM no se puede insertar posteriormente debido a un estado inconsistente de IRQ. [25469.031389] \u00a1IRQ 31 por CPU sigue habilitado en CPU0! [25469.031732] ADVERTENCIA: CPU: 3 PID: 943 en kernel/irq/manage.c:2476 __free_percpu_irq+0xa2/0x150 [25469.031804] M\u00f3dulos vinculados: kvm(-) [25469.031848] CPU: 3 UID: 0 PID: 943 Comm: rmmod No contaminado 6.14.0-rc5-06947-g91c763118f47-dirty #2 [25469.031905] Nombre del hardware: riscv-virtio,qemu (DT) [25469.031928] epc : __free_percpu_irq+0xa2/0x150 [25469.031976] ra : __free_percpu_irq+0xa2/0x150 [25469.032197] epc : ffffffff8007db1e ra : ffffffff8007db1e sp : ff2000000088bd50 [25469.032241] gp : ffffffff8131cef8 tp : ff60000080b96400 t0 : ff2000000088baf8 [25469.032285] t1 : fffffffffffffffc t2 : 5249207570637265 s0 : ff2000000088bd90 [25469.032329] s1: ff60000098b21080 a0: 037d527a15eb4f00 a1: 037d527a15eb4f00 [25469.032372] a2: 0000000000000023 a3: 0000000000000001 a4 : ffffffff8122dbf8 [25469.032410] a5 : 0000000000000fff a6 : 00000000000000000 a7 : ffffffff8122dc10 [25469.032448] s2 : ff60000080c22eb0 s3: 0000000200000022 s4: 000000000000001f [25469.032488] s5: ff60000080c22e00 s6: ffffffff80c351c0 s7: 0000000000000000 [25469.032582] s8: 0000000000000003 s9: 000055556b7fb490 s10: 00007ffff0e12fa0 [25469.032621] s11: 00007ffff0e13e9a t3: ffffffff81354ac7 t4: ffffffff81354ac7 [25469.032664] t5: ffffffff81354ac8 t6: ffffffff81354ac7 [25469.032698] estado: 0000000200000100 direcci\u00f3n incorrecta: ffffffff8007db1e causa: 0000000000000003 [25469.032738] [] __free_percpu_irq+0xa2/0x150 [25469.032797] [] free_percpu_irq+0x30/0x5e [25469.032856] [] kvm_riscv_aia_exit+0x40/0x42 [kvm] [25469.033947] [] m\u00f3dulo_limpieza+0x10/0x32 [kvm] [25469.035300] [] __riscv_sys_delete_module+0x18e/0x1fc [25469.035374] [] controlador_de_llamadas_al_sistema+0x3a/0x46 [25469.035456] [] do_trap_ecall_u+0x72/0x134 [25469.035536] [] handle_exception+0x148/0x156 Invoca aia_exit y otras funciones de limpieza espec\u00edficas de la arquitectura despu\u00e9s de kvm_exit para que deshabilitar tenga la oportunidad de ser llamado primero antes de salir."}], "id": "CVE-2025-23135", "lastModified": "2025-11-04T17:00:53.657", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 5.5, "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "NONE", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "impactScore": 3.6, "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}]}, "published": "2025-04-16T15:16:07.883", "references": [{"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1521cc04f0b6e737ff30105aa57fa9dde8493231"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1edb2de48616b11ee05e9a65d74c70abcb6d9939"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2d117e67f318303f6ab699a5511d1fac3f170545"}], "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "vulnStatus": "Analyzed", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "NVD-CWE-noinfo"}], "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}]}

{"bugzilla": {"description": "kernel: RISC-V: KVM: Teardown riscv specific bits after kvm_exit", "id": "2360267", "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2360267"}, "csaw": false, "cvss3": {"cvss3_base_score": "5.5", "cvss3_scoring_vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "status": "draft"}, "details": ["In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\nRISC-V: KVM: Teardown riscv specific bits after kvm_exit\nDuring a module removal, kvm_exit invokes arch specific disable\ncall which disables AIA. However, we invoke aia_exit before kvm_exit\nresulting in the following warning. KVM kernel module can't be inserted\nafterwards due to inconsistent state of IRQ.\n[25469.031389] percpu IRQ 31 still enabled on CPU0!\n[25469.031732] WARNING: CPU: 3 PID: 943 at kernel/irq/manage.c:2476 __free_percpu_irq+0xa2/0x150\n[25469.031804] Modules linked in: kvm(-)\n[25469.031848] CPU: 3 UID: 0 PID: 943 Comm: rmmod Not tainted 6.14.0-rc5-06947-g91c763118f47-dirty #2\n[25469.031905] Hardware name: riscv-virtio,qemu (DT)\n[25469.031928] epc : __free_percpu_irq+0xa2/0x150\n[25469.031976] ra : __free_percpu_irq+0xa2/0x150\n[25469.032197] epc : ffffffff8007db1e ra : ffffffff8007db1e sp : ff2000000088bd50\n[25469.032241] gp : ffffffff8131cef8 tp : ff60000080b96400 t0 : ff2000000088baf8\n[25469.032285] t1 : fffffffffffffffc t2 : 5249207570637265 s0 : ff2000000088bd90\n[25469.032329] s1 : ff60000098b21080 a0 : 037d527a15eb4f00 a1 : 037d527a15eb4f00\n[25469.032372] a2 : 0000000000000023 a3 : 0000000000000001 a4 : ffffffff8122dbf8\n[25469.032410] a5 : 0000000000000fff a6 : 0000000000000000 a7 : ffffffff8122dc10\n[25469.032448] s2 : ff60000080c22eb0 s3 : 0000000200000022 s4 : 000000000000001f\n[25469.032488] s5 : ff60000080c22e00 s6 : ffffffff80c351c0 s7 : 0000000000000000\n[25469.032582] s8 : 0000000000000003 s9 : 000055556b7fb490 s10: 00007ffff0e12fa0\n[25469.032621] s11: 00007ffff0e13e9a t3 : ffffffff81354ac7 t4 : ffffffff81354ac7\n[25469.032664] t5 : ffffffff81354ac8 t6 : ffffffff81354ac7\n[25469.032698] status: 0000000200000100 badaddr: ffffffff8007db1e cause: 0000000000000003\n[25469.032738] [<ffffffff8007db1e>] __free_percpu_irq+0xa2/0x150\n[25469.032797] [<ffffffff8007dbfc>] free_percpu_irq+0x30/0x5e\n[25469.032856] [<ffffffff013a57dc>] kvm_riscv_aia_exit+0x40/0x42 [kvm]\n[25469.033947] [<ffffffff013b4e82>] cleanup_module+0x10/0x32 [kvm]\n[25469.035300] [<ffffffff8009b150>] __riscv_sys_delete_module+0x18e/0x1fc\n[25469.035374] [<ffffffff8000c1ca>] syscall_handler+0x3a/0x46\n[25469.035456] [<ffffffff809ec9a4>] do_trap_ecall_u+0x72/0x134\n[25469.035536] [<ffffffff809f5e18>] handle_exception+0x148/0x156\nInvoke aia_exit and other arch specific cleanup functions after kvm_exit\nso that disable gets a chance to be called first before exit."], "name": "CVE-2025-23135", "package_state": [{"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}], "public_date": "2025-04-16T00:00:00Z", "references": ["https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-23135\nhttps://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-23135\nhttps://lore.kernel.org/linux-cve-announce/2025041633-CVE-2025-23135-b4dd@gregkh/T"], "threat_severity": "Low"}

{}