{"dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": {"cveId": "CVE-2025-39871", "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "Linux", "dateReserved": "2025-04-16T07:20:57.143Z", "datePublished": "2025-09-23T06:00:44.882Z", "dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T21:38:02.186Z"}, "containers": {"cna": {"providerMetadata": {"orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "shortName": "Linux", "dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T21:38:02.186Z"}, "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ndmaengine: idxd: Remove improper idxd_free\n\nThe call to idxd_free() introduces a duplicate put_device() leading to a\nreference count underflow:\nrefcount_t: underflow; use-after-free.\nWARNING: CPU: 15 PID: 4428 at lib/refcount.c:28 refcount_warn_saturate+0xbe/0x110\n...\nCall Trace:\n <TASK>\n idxd_remove+0xe4/0x120 [idxd]\n pci_device_remove+0x3f/0xb0\n device_release_driver_internal+0x197/0x200\n driver_detach+0x48/0x90\n bus_remove_driver+0x74/0xf0\n pci_unregister_driver+0x2e/0xb0\n idxd_exit_module+0x34/0x7a0 [idxd]\n __do_sys_delete_module.constprop.0+0x183/0x280\n do_syscall_64+0x54/0xd70\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e\n\nThe idxd_unregister_devices() which is invoked at the very beginning of\nidxd_remove(), already takes care of the necessary put_device() through the\nfollowing call path:\nidxd_unregister_devices() -> device_unregister() -> put_device()\n\nIn addition, when CONFIG_DEBUG_KOBJECT_RELEASE is enabled, put_device() may\ntrigger asynchronous cleanup via schedule_delayed_work(). If idxd_free() is\ncalled immediately after, it can result in a use-after-free.\n\nRemove the improper idxd_free() to avoid both the refcount underflow and\npotential memory corruption during module unload."}], "affected": [{"product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": ["drivers/dma/idxd/init.c"], "versions": [{"version": "68ac5a01f635b3791196fd1c39bc48497252c36f", "lessThan": "24414bbcb37e1af95190af36c21ae51d497e1a9e", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "d2d05fd0fc95c4defed6f7b87550e20e8baa1d97", "lessThan": "0e95ee7f532b21206fe3f1c4054002b0d21e3b9c", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "21f9f5cd9a0c75084d4369ba0b8c4f695c41dea7", "lessThan": "dd7a7e43269711d757fc260b0bbdf7138f75de11", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "d5449ff1b04dfe9ed8e455769aa01e4c2ccf6805", "lessThan": "da4fbc1488a4cec6748da685181ee4449a878dac", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "d5449ff1b04dfe9ed8e455769aa01e4c2ccf6805", "lessThan": "f41c538881eec4dcf5961a242097d447f848cda6", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "2b7a961cea0e5b65afda911f76d14fec5c98d024", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}]}, {"product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "affected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": ["drivers/dma/idxd/init.c"], "versions": [{"version": "6.15", "status": "affected"}, {"version": "0", "lessThan": "6.15", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.1.160", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.6.107", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.12.48", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.16.8", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.16.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.17", "lessThanOrEqual": "*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"}]}], "cpeApplicability": [{"nodes": [{"operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.1.140", "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.160"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.6.92", "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.107"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.12.30", "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.48"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.15", "versionEndExcluding": "6.16.8"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.15", "versionEndExcluding": "6.17"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.14.8"}]}]}], "references": [{"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/24414bbcb37e1af95190af36c21ae51d497e1a9e"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0e95ee7f532b21206fe3f1c4054002b0d21e3b9c"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/dd7a7e43269711d757fc260b0bbdf7138f75de11"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/da4fbc1488a4cec6748da685181ee4449a878dac"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f41c538881eec4dcf5961a242097d447f848cda6"}], "title": "dmaengine: idxd: Remove improper idxd_free", "x_generator": {"engine": "bippy-1.2.0"}}}}

{}

{"configurations": [{"nodes": [{"cpeMatch": [{"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "7FD4135A-5FD8-42EC-96EF-0D543B459AF9", "versionEndExcluding": "6.2", "versionStartIncluding": "6.1.140", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "F0D6C6AD-255E-4DEC-BFBF-BE391301882F", "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.107", "versionStartIncluding": "6.6.92", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "8CA170D6-7672-432A-BFF1-1F441A6AC24C", "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.48", "versionStartIncluding": "6.12.30", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "F41DF25A-BF6E-49BA-950C-6BD0DA29BE5A", "versionEndExcluding": "6.15", "versionStartIncluding": "6.14.8", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "3C553B62-BF8E-4B75-B4C8-DA0C5BDAE7D1", "versionEndExcluding": "6.16.8", "versionStartIncluding": "6.15.1", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.15:-:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "A1ECC65A-EE37-4479-8E99-4BB68A22A31F", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.15:rc7:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "C300BA32-5854-4B59-A00A-18A402F291D0", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.17:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "327D22EF-390B-454C-BD31-2ED23C998A1C", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.17:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "C730CD9A-D969-4A8E-9522-162AAF7C0EE9", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.17:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "39982C4B-716E-4B2F-8196-FA301F47807D", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.17:rc4:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "340BEEA9-D70D-4290-B502-FBB1032353B1", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.17:rc5:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "47E4C5C0-079F-4838-971B-8C503D48FCC2", "vulnerable": true}], "negate": false, "operator": "OR"}]}], "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ndmaengine: idxd: Remove improper idxd_free\n\nThe call to idxd_free() introduces a duplicate put_device() leading to a\nreference count underflow:\nrefcount_t: underflow; use-after-free.\nWARNING: CPU: 15 PID: 4428 at lib/refcount.c:28 refcount_warn_saturate+0xbe/0x110\n...\nCall Trace:\n <TASK>\n idxd_remove+0xe4/0x120 [idxd]\n pci_device_remove+0x3f/0xb0\n device_release_driver_internal+0x197/0x200\n driver_detach+0x48/0x90\n bus_remove_driver+0x74/0xf0\n pci_unregister_driver+0x2e/0xb0\n idxd_exit_module+0x34/0x7a0 [idxd]\n __do_sys_delete_module.constprop.0+0x183/0x280\n do_syscall_64+0x54/0xd70\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e\n\nThe idxd_unregister_devices() which is invoked at the very beginning of\nidxd_remove(), already takes care of the necessary put_device() through the\nfollowing call path:\nidxd_unregister_devices() -> device_unregister() -> put_device()\n\nIn addition, when CONFIG_DEBUG_KOBJECT_RELEASE is enabled, put_device() may\ntrigger asynchronous cleanup via schedule_delayed_work(). If idxd_free() is\ncalled immediately after, it can result in a use-after-free.\n\nRemove the improper idxd_free() to avoid both the refcount underflow and\npotential memory corruption during module unload."}], "id": "CVE-2025-39871", "lastModified": "2026-01-11T17:15:53.330", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "impactScore": 5.9, "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}]}, "published": "2025-09-23T06:15:46.400", "references": [{"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0e95ee7f532b21206fe3f1c4054002b0d21e3b9c"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/24414bbcb37e1af95190af36c21ae51d497e1a9e"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/da4fbc1488a4cec6748da685181ee4449a878dac"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/dd7a7e43269711d757fc260b0bbdf7138f75de11"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f41c538881eec4dcf5961a242097d447f848cda6"}], "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "vulnStatus": "Modified", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-416"}], "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}]}

{"bugzilla": {"description": "kernel: dmaengine: idxd: Remove improper idxd_free", "id": "2397562", "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2397562"}, "csaw": false, "cvss3": {"cvss3_base_score": "5.5", "cvss3_scoring_vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "status": "draft"}, "details": ["No description is available for this CVE."], "name": "CVE-2025-39871", "package_state": [{"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}], "public_date": "2025-09-23T00:00:00Z", "references": ["https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39871\nhttps://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-39871\nhttps://lore.kernel.org/linux-cve-announce/2025092300-CVE-2025-39871-3abe@gregkh/T"], "threat_severity": "Moderate"}

{"created": "2025-09-23T16:03:13.900081+00:00", "updated": "2025-09-23T16:03:13.900302+00:00", "vendors": ["linux", "linux$PRODUCT$linux_kernel"]}