{"dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": {"cveId": "CVE-2025-39889", "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "Linux", "dateReserved": "2025-04-16T07:20:57.145Z", "datePublished": "2025-09-24T11:02:51.036Z", "dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T21:38:23.210Z"}, "containers": {"cna": {"providerMetadata": {"orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "shortName": "Linux", "dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T21:38:23.210Z"}, "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nBluetooth: l2cap: Check encryption key size on incoming connection\n\nThis is required for passing GAP/SEC/SEM/BI-04-C PTS test case:\n Security Mode 4 Level 4, Responder - Invalid Encryption Key Size\n - 128 bit\n\nThis tests the security key with size from 1 to 15 bytes while the\nSecurity Mode 4 Level 4 requests 16 bytes key size.\n\nCurrently PTS fails with the following logs:\n- expected:Connection Response:\n Code: [3 (0x03)] Code\n Identifier: (lt)WildCard: Exists(gt)\n Length: [8 (0x0008)]\n Destination CID: (lt)WildCard: Exists(gt)\n Source CID: [64 (0x0040)]\n Result: [3 (0x0003)] Connection refused - Security block\n Status: (lt)WildCard: Exists(gt),\nbut received:Connection Response:\n Code: [3 (0x03)] Code\n Identifier: [1 (0x01)]\n Length: [8 (0x0008)]\n Destination CID: [64 (0x0040)]\n Source CID: [64 (0x0040)]\n Result: [0 (0x0000)] Connection Successful\n Status: [0 (0x0000)] No further information available\n\nAnd HCI logs:\n< HCI Command: Read Encrypti.. (0x05|0x0008) plen 2\n Handle: 14 Address: 00:1B:DC:F2:24:10 (Vencer Co., Ltd.)\n> HCI Event: Command Complete (0x0e) plen 7\n Read Encryption Key Size (0x05|0x0008) ncmd 1\n Status: Success (0x00)\n Handle: 14 Address: 00:1B:DC:F2:24:10 (Vencer Co., Ltd.)\n Key size: 7\n> ACL Data RX: Handle 14 flags 0x02 dlen 12\n L2CAP: Connection Request (0x02) ident 1 len 4\n PSM: 4097 (0x1001)\n Source CID: 64\n< ACL Data TX: Handle 14 flags 0x00 dlen 16\n L2CAP: Connection Response (0x03) ident 1 len 8\n Destination CID: 64\n Source CID: 64\n Result: Connection successful (0x0000)\n Status: No further information available (0x0000)"}], "metrics": [{"cvssV3_1": {"version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N", "baseScore": 8.1, "baseSeverity": "HIGH"}}], "affected": [{"product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": ["net/bluetooth/l2cap_core.c"], 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Invalid Encryption Key Size\n - 128 bit\n\nThis tests the security key with size from 1 to 15 bytes while the\nSecurity Mode 4 Level 4 requests 16 bytes key size.\n\nCurrently PTS fails with the following logs:\n- expected:Connection Response:\n Code: [3 (0x03)] Code\n Identifier: (lt)WildCard: Exists(gt)\n Length: [8 (0x0008)]\n Destination CID: (lt)WildCard: Exists(gt)\n Source CID: [64 (0x0040)]\n Result: [3 (0x0003)] Connection refused - Security block\n Status: (lt)WildCard: Exists(gt),\nbut received:Connection Response:\n Code: [3 (0x03)] Code\n Identifier: [1 (0x01)]\n Length: [8 (0x0008)]\n Destination CID: [64 (0x0040)]\n Source CID: [64 (0x0040)]\n Result: [0 (0x0000)] Connection Successful\n Status: [0 (0x0000)] No further information available\n\nAnd HCI logs:\n< HCI Command: Read Encrypti.. (0x05|0x0008) plen 2\n Handle: 14 Address: 00:1B:DC:F2:24:10 (Vencer Co., Ltd.)\n> HCI Event: Command Complete (0x0e) plen 7\n Read Encryption Key Size (0x05|0x0008) ncmd 1\n Status: Success (0x00)\n Handle: 14 Address: 00:1B:DC:F2:24:10 (Vencer Co., Ltd.)\n Key size: 7\n> ACL Data RX: Handle 14 flags 0x02 dlen 12\n L2CAP: Connection Request (0x02) ident 1 len 4\n PSM: 4097 (0x1001)\n Source CID: 64\n< ACL Data TX: Handle 14 flags 0x00 dlen 16\n L2CAP: Connection Response (0x03) ident 1 len 8\n Destination CID: 64\n Source CID: 64\n Result: Connection successful (0x0000)\n Status: No further information available (0x0000)"}], "cpeApplicability": [{"nodes": [{"negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "vulnerable": true, "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.181", "versionStartIncluding": "5.11"}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "vulnerable": true, "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.135", "versionStartIncluding": "5.11"}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "vulnerable": true, "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.88", "versionStartIncluding": "5.11"}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "vulnerable": true, "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.25", "versionStartIncluding": "5.11"}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "vulnerable": true, "versionEndExcluding": "6.14.4", "versionStartIncluding": "5.11"}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "vulnerable": true, "versionEndExcluding": "6.15", "versionStartIncluding": "5.11"}], "operator": "OR"}]}], "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "shortName": "Linux", "dateUpdated": "2026-04-02T08:39:32.702Z"}}}, "cveMetadata": {"cveId": "CVE-2025-39889", "state": "PUBLISHED", "dateUpdated": "2026-04-02T08:39:32.702Z", "dateReserved": "2025-04-16T07:20:57.145Z", "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "datePublished": "2025-09-24T11:02:51.036Z", "assignerShortName": "Linux"}, "dataVersion": "5.2"}

{"configurations": [{"nodes": [{"cpeMatch": [{"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "12331C9E-F601-4EFC-899E-369F98DCC70B", "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.181", "versionStartIncluding": "5.11", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "5B9ACE29-7445-4B6F-B761-6367C005E275", "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.135", "versionStartIncluding": "5.16", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "6E5947E5-45E3-462A-829B-382B3B1C61BD", "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.88", "versionStartIncluding": "6.2", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "8E59EE65-FA6B-4AE4-8125-26135E28BF35", "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.25", "versionStartIncluding": "6.7", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "29FA1A8E-1C2A-4B0B-B397-2C915ECDEDEE", "versionEndExcluding": "6.14.4", "versionStartIncluding": "6.13", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.15:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "8D465631-2980-487A-8E65-40AE2B9F8ED1", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.15:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "4C9D071F-B28E-46EC-AC61-22B913390211", "vulnerable": true}], "negate": false, "operator": "OR"}]}], "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nBluetooth: l2cap: Check encryption key size on incoming connection\n\nThis is required for passing GAP/SEC/SEM/BI-04-C PTS test case:\n Security Mode 4 Level 4, Responder - Invalid Encryption Key Size\n - 128 bit\n\nThis tests the security key with size from 1 to 15 bytes while the\nSecurity Mode 4 Level 4 requests 16 bytes key size.\n\nCurrently PTS fails with the following logs:\n- expected:Connection Response:\n Code: [3 (0x03)] Code\n Identifier: (lt)WildCard: Exists(gt)\n Length: [8 (0x0008)]\n Destination CID: (lt)WildCard: Exists(gt)\n Source CID: [64 (0x0040)]\n Result: [3 (0x0003)] Connection refused - Security block\n Status: (lt)WildCard: Exists(gt),\nbut received:Connection Response:\n Code: [3 (0x03)] Code\n Identifier: [1 (0x01)]\n Length: [8 (0x0008)]\n Destination CID: [64 (0x0040)]\n Source CID: [64 (0x0040)]\n Result: [0 (0x0000)] Connection Successful\n Status: [0 (0x0000)] No further information available\n\nAnd HCI logs:\n< HCI Command: Read Encrypti.. (0x05|0x0008) plen 2\n Handle: 14 Address: 00:1B:DC:F2:24:10 (Vencer Co., Ltd.)\n> HCI Event: Command Complete (0x0e) plen 7\n Read Encryption Key Size (0x05|0x0008) ncmd 1\n Status: Success (0x00)\n Handle: 14 Address: 00:1B:DC:F2:24:10 (Vencer Co., Ltd.)\n Key size: 7\n> ACL Data RX: Handle 14 flags 0x02 dlen 12\n L2CAP: Connection Request (0x02) ident 1 len 4\n PSM: 4097 (0x1001)\n Source CID: 64\n< ACL Data TX: Handle 14 flags 0x00 dlen 16\n L2CAP: Connection Response (0x03) ident 1 len 8\n Destination CID: 64\n Source CID: 64\n Result: Connection successful (0x0000)\n Status: No further information available (0x0000)"}], "id": "CVE-2025-39889", "lastModified": "2026-04-02T09:16:19.227", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "ADJACENT_NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "baseScore": 8.1, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "impactScore": 5.2, "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "type": "Secondary"}, {"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 5.5, "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "NONE", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "impactScore": 3.6, "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}, {"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 5.5, "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "NONE", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "impactScore": 3.6, "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "type": "Secondary"}]}, "published": "2025-09-24T11:15:32.780", "references": [{"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/24b2cdfc16e9bd6ab3d03b8e01c590755bd3141f"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/522e9ed157e3c21b4dd623c79967f72c21e45b78"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9e3114958d87ea88383cbbf38c89e04b8ea1bce5"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c6d527bbd3d3896375079f5dbc8b7f96734a3ba5"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d49798ecd26e0ee7995a7fc1e90ca5cd9b4402d6"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d4ca2fd218caafbf50e3343ba1260c6a23b5676a"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ed503d340a501e414114ddc614a3aae4f6e9eae2"}], "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "vulnStatus": "Modified", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-326"}], "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}, {"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-326"}], "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "type": "Secondary"}]}

{"bugzilla": {"description": "kernel: Bluetooth: l2cap: Check encryption key size on incoming connection", "id": "2397784", "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2397784"}, "csaw": false, "cvss3": {"cvss3_base_score": "7.0", "cvss3_scoring_vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "status": "draft"}, "details": ["No description is available for this CVE."], "name": "CVE-2025-39889", "package_state": [{"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}], "public_date": "2025-09-24T00:00:00Z", "references": ["https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39889\nhttps://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-39889\nhttps://lore.kernel.org/linux-cve-announce/2025092459-CVE-2025-39889-7f8e@gregkh/T"], "threat_severity": "Moderate"}

{"analysis": {"en": {"generated_at": "2026-04-27T23:47:04.729060+00:00", "value": {"mitigation_remediation": ["Upgrade the Linux kernel to a version that contains the patch implementing the key\u2011size check for incoming L2CAP connections.", "Verify that the kernel build includes the commit referenced in the advisory to confirm the fix is applied.", "If an update cannot be applied immediately, consider disabling or restricting Bluetooth services on the affected systems to prevent unauthorized pairing attempts."], "summary": {"action": "Immediate Patch", "impact": "Security Bypass"}, "threat_synthesis": {"affected_systems": "Linux kernel versions that lack the patch for this check are affected. The affected products include any Linux kernel 6.15 release prior to the commit that implements the key\u2011size verification. Specific version information is not supplied, but the referenced CPE strings indicate all 6.15 release candidates and the trunk kernel are susceptible.", "description_and_impact": "The vulnerability causes the Linux kernel to accept Bluetooth connections that use an encryption key smaller than the required 16\u2011byte value for Security Mode\u00a04 Level\u00a04. As a result, a device could pair with a target using a weak key, potentially allowing the attacker to establish a trusted session without meeting the expected cryptographic strength. The main weakness is a validation failure (CWE\u2011326). This flaw does not directly expose system secrets but undermines the integrity of the security negotiation process, granting unauthorized access to Bluetooth services that would otherwise be protected.", "risk_and_exploitability": "The CVSS score of 8.1 indicates a high severity vulnerability. The EPSS score of less than 1% shows a very low probability of exploitation, and the flaw is not listed in CISA KEV. Likely attackers would need to first establish a Bluetooth link with the target device and then trigger a connection request using a reduced key length. If successful, the attacker can gain a connection with a minimal amount of encryption, effectively bypassing the intended security policy."}}}}, "created": "2025-09-25T08:21:24.113899+00:00", "updated": "2026-04-28T00:00:18.097492+00:00", "vendors": ["linux", "linux$PRODUCT$linux_kernel"]}