{"dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": {"cveId": "CVE-2025-39894", "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "Linux", "dateReserved": "2025-04-16T07:20:57.145Z", "datePublished": "2025-10-01T07:42:43.126Z", "dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T21:38:28.994Z"}, "containers": {"cna": {"providerMetadata": {"orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "shortName": "Linux", "dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T21:38:28.994Z"}, "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnetfilter: br_netfilter: do not check confirmed bit in br_nf_local_in() after confirm\n\nWhen send a broadcast packet to a tap device, which was added to a bridge,\nbr_nf_local_in() is called to confirm the conntrack. If another conntrack\nwith the same hash value is added to the hash table, which can be\ntriggered by a normal packet to a non-bridge device, the below warning\nmay happen.\n\n ------------[ cut here ]------------\n WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 96 at net/bridge/br_netfilter_hooks.c:632 br_nf_local_in+0x168/0x200\n CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 96 Comm: tap_send Not tainted 6.17.0-rc2-dirty #44 PREEMPT(voluntary)\n RIP: 0010:br_nf_local_in+0x168/0x200\n Call Trace:\n <TASK>\n nf_hook_slow+0x3e/0xf0\n br_pass_frame_up+0x103/0x180\n br_handle_frame_finish+0x2de/0x5b0\n br_nf_hook_thresh+0xc0/0x120\n br_nf_pre_routing_finish+0x168/0x3a0\n br_nf_pre_routing+0x237/0x5e0\n br_handle_frame+0x1ec/0x3c0\n __netif_receive_skb_core+0x225/0x1210\n __netif_receive_skb_one_core+0x37/0xa0\n netif_receive_skb+0x36/0x160\n tun_get_user+0xa54/0x10c0\n tun_chr_write_iter+0x65/0xb0\n vfs_write+0x305/0x410\n ksys_write+0x60/0xd0\n do_syscall_64+0xa4/0x260\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f\n </TASK>\n ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---\n\nTo solve the hash conflict, nf_ct_resolve_clash() try to merge the\nconntracks, and update skb->_nfct. However, br_nf_local_in() still use the\nold ct from local variable 'nfct' after confirm(), which leads to this\nwarning.\n\nIf confirm() does not insert the conntrack entry and return NF_DROP, the\nwarning may also occur. There is no need to reserve the WARN_ON_ONCE, just\nremove it."}], "affected": [{"product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": ["net/bridge/br_netfilter_hooks.c"], "versions": [{"version": "7c3f28599652acf431a2211168de4a583f30b6d5", "lessThan": "d00c8b0daf56012f69075e3377da67878c775e4c", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "2b1414d5e94e477edff1d2c79030f1d742625ea0", "lessThan": "ccbad4803225eafe0175d3cb19f0d8d73b504a94", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "80cd0487f630b5382734997c3e5e3003a77db315", "lessThan": "50db11e2bbb635e38e3dd096215580d6adb41fb0", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "62e7151ae3eb465e0ab52a20c941ff33bb6332e9", "lessThan": "c47ca77fee9071aa543bae592dd2a384f895c8b6", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "62e7151ae3eb465e0ab52a20c941ff33bb6332e9", "lessThan": "a74abcf0f09f59daeecf7a3ba9c1d690808b0afe", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "62e7151ae3eb465e0ab52a20c941ff33bb6332e9", "lessThan": "479a54ab92087318514c82428a87af2d7af1a576", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "cb734975b0ffa688ff6cc0eed463865bf07b6c01", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}]}, {"product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "affected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": ["net/bridge/br_netfilter_hooks.c"], "versions": [{"version": "6.8", "status": "affected"}, {"version": "0", "lessThan": "6.8", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "5.15.192", "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.1.151", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.6.105", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.12.46", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.16.6", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.16.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.17", "lessThanOrEqual": "*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"}]}], "cpeApplicability": [{"nodes": [{"operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.15.151", "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.192"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.1.81", "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.151"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.6.21", "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.105"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.8", "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.46"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.8", "versionEndExcluding": "6.16.6"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.8", "versionEndExcluding": "6.17"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.7.9"}]}]}], "references": [{"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d00c8b0daf56012f69075e3377da67878c775e4c"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ccbad4803225eafe0175d3cb19f0d8d73b504a94"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/50db11e2bbb635e38e3dd096215580d6adb41fb0"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c47ca77fee9071aa543bae592dd2a384f895c8b6"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a74abcf0f09f59daeecf7a3ba9c1d690808b0afe"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/479a54ab92087318514c82428a87af2d7af1a576"}], "title": "netfilter: br_netfilter: do not check confirmed bit in br_nf_local_in() after confirm", "x_generator": {"engine": "bippy-1.2.0"}}, "adp": [{"title": "CVE Program Container", "references": [{"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/10/msg00008.html"}], "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "shortName": "CVE", "dateUpdated": "2025-11-03T17:44:28.733Z"}}]}}

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If another conntrack\nwith the same hash value is added to the hash table, which can be\ntriggered by a normal packet to a non-bridge device, the below warning\nmay happen.\n\n ------------[ cut here ]------------\n WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 96 at net/bridge/br_netfilter_hooks.c:632 br_nf_local_in+0x168/0x200\n CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 96 Comm: tap_send Not tainted 6.17.0-rc2-dirty #44 PREEMPT(voluntary)\n RIP: 0010:br_nf_local_in+0x168/0x200\n Call Trace:\n <TASK>\n nf_hook_slow+0x3e/0xf0\n br_pass_frame_up+0x103/0x180\n br_handle_frame_finish+0x2de/0x5b0\n br_nf_hook_thresh+0xc0/0x120\n br_nf_pre_routing_finish+0x168/0x3a0\n br_nf_pre_routing+0x237/0x5e0\n br_handle_frame+0x1ec/0x3c0\n __netif_receive_skb_core+0x225/0x1210\n __netif_receive_skb_one_core+0x37/0xa0\n netif_receive_skb+0x36/0x160\n tun_get_user+0xa54/0x10c0\n tun_chr_write_iter+0x65/0xb0\n vfs_write+0x305/0x410\n ksys_write+0x60/0xd0\n do_syscall_64+0xa4/0x260\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f\n </TASK>\n ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---\n\nTo solve the hash conflict, nf_ct_resolve_clash() try to merge the\nconntracks, and update skb->_nfct. However, br_nf_local_in() still use the\nold ct from local variable 'nfct' after confirm(), which leads to this\nwarning.\n\nIf confirm() does not insert the conntrack entry and return NF_DROP, the\nwarning may also occur. There is no need to reserve the WARN_ON_ONCE, just\nremove it."}], "id": "CVE-2025-39894", "lastModified": "2026-01-16T19:30:25.443", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 5.5, "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "NONE", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "impactScore": 3.6, "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}]}, "published": "2025-10-01T08:15:31.987", "references": [{"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/479a54ab92087318514c82428a87af2d7af1a576"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/50db11e2bbb635e38e3dd096215580d6adb41fb0"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a74abcf0f09f59daeecf7a3ba9c1d690808b0afe"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c47ca77fee9071aa543bae592dd2a384f895c8b6"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ccbad4803225eafe0175d3cb19f0d8d73b504a94"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d00c8b0daf56012f69075e3377da67878c775e4c"}, {"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "tags": ["Third Party Advisory"], "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/10/msg00008.html"}], "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "vulnStatus": "Analyzed", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "NVD-CWE-noinfo"}], "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}]}

{"bugzilla": {"description": "kernel: netfilter: br_netfilter: do not check confirmed bit in br_nf_local_in() after confirm", "id": "2400596", "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2400596"}, "csaw": false, "cvss3": {"cvss3_base_score": "7.0", "cvss3_scoring_vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "status": "draft"}, "details": ["In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\nnetfilter: br_netfilter: do not check confirmed bit in br_nf_local_in() after confirm\nWhen send a broadcast packet to a tap device, which was added to a bridge,\nbr_nf_local_in() is called to confirm the conntrack. If another conntrack\nwith the same hash value is added to the hash table, which can be\ntriggered by a normal packet to a non-bridge device, the below warning\nmay happen.\n------------[ cut here ]------------\nWARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 96 at net/bridge/br_netfilter_hooks.c:632 br_nf_local_in+0x168/0x200\nCPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 96 Comm: tap_send Not tainted 6.17.0-rc2-dirty #44 PREEMPT(voluntary)\nRIP: 0010:br_nf_local_in+0x168/0x200\nCall Trace:\n<TASK>\nnf_hook_slow+0x3e/0xf0\nbr_pass_frame_up+0x103/0x180\nbr_handle_frame_finish+0x2de/0x5b0\nbr_nf_hook_thresh+0xc0/0x120\nbr_nf_pre_routing_finish+0x168/0x3a0\nbr_nf_pre_routing+0x237/0x5e0\nbr_handle_frame+0x1ec/0x3c0\n__netif_receive_skb_core+0x225/0x1210\n__netif_receive_skb_one_core+0x37/0xa0\nnetif_receive_skb+0x36/0x160\ntun_get_user+0xa54/0x10c0\ntun_chr_write_iter+0x65/0xb0\nvfs_write+0x305/0x410\nksys_write+0x60/0xd0\ndo_syscall_64+0xa4/0x260\nentry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f\n</TASK>\n---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---\nTo solve the hash conflict, nf_ct_resolve_clash() try to merge the\nconntracks, and update skb->_nfct. However, br_nf_local_in() still use the\nold ct from local variable 'nfct' after confirm(), which leads to this\nwarning.\nIf confirm() does not insert the conntrack entry and return NF_DROP, the\nwarning may also occur. There is no need to reserve the WARN_ON_ONCE, just\nremove it."], "name": "CVE-2025-39894", "package_state": [{"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:rhivos:1", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat In-Vehicle Operating System 1"}], "public_date": "2025-10-01T00:00:00Z", "references": ["https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39894\nhttps://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-39894\nhttps://lore.kernel.org/linux-cve-announce/2025100115-CVE-2025-39894-f2dd@gregkh/T"], "threat_severity": "Moderate"}

{"created": "2025-10-02T08:46:01.765445+00:00", "updated": "2025-10-02T08:46:01.765500+00:00", "vendors": ["linux", "linux$PRODUCT$linux_kernel"]}