{"dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": {"cveId": "CVE-2025-62456", "assignerOrgId": "f38d906d-7342-40ea-92c1-6c4a2c6478c8", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "microsoft", "dateReserved": "2025-10-14T18:24:58.483Z", "datePublished": "2025-12-09T17:55:33.275Z", "dateUpdated": "2026-04-16T14:18:20.423Z"}, "containers": {"cna": {"title": "Windows Resilient File System (ReFS) Remote Code Execution Vulnerability", "datePublic": "2025-12-09T08:00:00.000Z", "cpeApplicability": [{"nodes": [{"operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_25H2:*:*:*:*:*:*:arm64:*", "versionStartIncluding": "10.0.26200.0", "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.26200.7462"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2022:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "10.0.20348.0", "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.20348.4529"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2025:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "10.0.26100.0", "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.26100.7462"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_23H2:*:*:*:*:*:*:arm64:*", "versionStartIncluding": "10.0.22631.0", "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.22631.6345"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_23H2:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*", "versionStartIncluding": "10.0.22631.0", "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.22631.6345"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_23h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "10.0.25398.0", "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.25398.2025"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_24H2:*:*:*:*:*:*:arm64:*", "versionStartIncluding": "10.0.26100.0", "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.26100.7462"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2025:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "10.0.26100.0", "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.26100.7462"}]}]}], "affected": [{"vendor": "Microsoft", "product": "Windows 11 version 22H3", "platforms": ["ARM64-based Systems"], "versions": [{"version": "10.0.22631.0", "lessThan": "10.0.22631.6345", "versionType": "custom", "status": "affected"}]}, {"vendor": "Microsoft", "product": "Windows 11 Version 23H2", "platforms": ["x64-based Systems"], "versions": [{"version": "10.0.22631.0", "lessThan": "10.0.22631.6345", "versionType": "custom", "status": "affected"}]}, {"vendor": "Microsoft", "product": "Windows 11 Version 24H2", "platforms": ["ARM64-based Systems", "x64-based Systems"], "versions": [{"version": "10.0.26100.0", "lessThan": "10.0.26100.7462", "versionType": "custom", "status": "affected"}]}, {"vendor": "Microsoft", "product": "Windows 11 Version 25H2", "versions": [{"version": "10.0.26200.0", "lessThan": "10.0.26200.7462", "versionType": "custom", "status": "affected"}]}, {"vendor": "Microsoft", "product": "Windows Server 2022", "platforms": ["x64-based Systems"], "versions": [{"version": "10.0.20348.0", "lessThan": "10.0.20348.4529", "versionType": "custom", "status": "affected"}]}, {"vendor": "Microsoft", "product": "Windows Server 2022, 23H2 Edition (Server Core installation)", "platforms": ["x64-based Systems"], "versions": [{"version": "10.0.25398.0", "lessThan": "10.0.25398.2025", "versionType": "custom", "status": "affected"}]}, {"vendor": "Microsoft", "product": "Windows Server 2025", "platforms": ["x64-based Systems"], "versions": [{"version": "10.0.26100.0", "lessThan": "10.0.26100.7462", "versionType": "custom", "status": "affected"}]}, {"vendor": "Microsoft", "product": "Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation)", "platforms": ["x64-based Systems"], "versions": [{"version": "10.0.26100.0", "lessThan": "10.0.26100.7462", "versionType": "custom", "status": "affected"}]}], "descriptions": [{"value": "Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Resilient File System (ReFS) allows an authorized attacker to execute code over a network.", "lang": "en-US"}], "problemTypes": [{"descriptions": [{"description": "CWE-122: Heap-based Buffer Overflow", "lang": "en-US", "type": "CWE", "cweId": "CWE-122"}]}], "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "f38d906d-7342-40ea-92c1-6c4a2c6478c8", "shortName": "microsoft", "dateUpdated": "2026-04-16T14:18:20.423Z"}, "references": [{"name": "Windows Resilient File System (ReFS) Remote Code Execution Vulnerability", "tags": ["vendor-advisory", "patch"], "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-62456"}], "metrics": [{"format": "CVSS", "scenarios": [{"lang": "en-US", "value": "GENERAL"}], "cvssV3_1": {"version": "3.1", "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "baseScore": 8.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C"}}]}, "adp": [{"metrics": [{"other": {"type": "ssvc", "content": {"id": "CVE-2025-62456", "role": "CISA Coordinator", "options": [{"Exploitation": "none"}, {"Automatable": "no"}, {"Technical Impact": "total"}], "version": "2.0.3", "timestamp": "2025-12-10T04:56:17.924087Z"}}}], "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment", "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "shortName": "CISA-ADP", "dateUpdated": "2026-02-26T16:56:56.827Z"}}]}}

{"dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "containers": {"adp": [{"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment", "metrics": [{"other": {"type": "ssvc", "content": {"id": "CVE-2025-62456", "role": "CISA Coordinator", "options": [{"Exploitation": "none"}, {"Automatable": "no"}, {"Technical Impact": "total"}], "version": "2.0.3", "timestamp": "2025-12-10T04:56:17.924087Z"}}}], "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "shortName": "CISA-ADP", "dateUpdated": "2025-12-09T20:18:22.160Z"}}], "cna": {"title": "Windows Resilient File System (ReFS) Remote Code Execution Vulnerability", "metrics": [{"format": "CVSS", "cvssV3_1": {"version": "3.1", "baseScore": 8.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C"}, "scenarios": [{"lang": "en-US", "value": "GENERAL"}]}], "affected": [{"vendor": "Microsoft", "product": "Windows 11 version 22H3", "versions": [{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.22631.0", "lessThan": "10.0.22631.6345", "versionType": "custom"}], "platforms": ["ARM64-based Systems"]}, {"vendor": "Microsoft", "product": "Windows 11 Version 23H2", "versions": [{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.22631.0", "lessThan": "10.0.22631.6345", "versionType": "custom"}], "platforms": ["x64-based Systems"]}, {"vendor": "Microsoft", "product": "Windows 11 Version 24H2", "versions": [{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.26100.0", "lessThan": "10.0.26100.7462", "versionType": "custom"}], "platforms": ["ARM64-based Systems", "x64-based Systems"]}, {"vendor": "Microsoft", "product": "Windows 11 Version 25H2", "versions": [{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.26200.0", "lessThan": "10.0.26200.7462", "versionType": "custom"}]}, {"vendor": "Microsoft", "product": "Windows Server 2022", "versions": [{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.20348.0", "lessThan": "10.0.20348.4529", "versionType": "custom"}], "platforms": ["x64-based Systems"]}, {"vendor": "Microsoft", "product": "Windows Server 2022, 23H2 Edition (Server Core installation)", "versions": [{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.25398.0", "lessThan": "10.0.25398.2025", "versionType": "custom"}], "platforms": ["x64-based Systems"]}, {"vendor": "Microsoft", "product": "Windows Server 2025", "versions": [{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.26100.0", "lessThan": "10.0.26100.7462", "versionType": "custom"}], "platforms": ["x64-based Systems"]}, {"vendor": "Microsoft", "product": "Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation)", "versions": [{"status": "affected", "version": "10.0.26100.0", "lessThan": "10.0.26100.7462", "versionType": "custom"}], "platforms": ["x64-based Systems"]}], "datePublic": "2025-12-09T08:00:00.000Z", "references": [{"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-62456", "name": "Windows Resilient File System (ReFS) Remote Code Execution Vulnerability", "tags": ["vendor-advisory", "patch"]}], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en-US", "value": "Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Resilient File System (ReFS) allows an authorized attacker to execute code over a network."}], "problemTypes": [{"descriptions": [{"lang": "en-US", "type": "CWE", "cweId": "CWE-122", "description": "CWE-122: Heap-based Buffer Overflow"}]}], "cpeApplicability": [{"nodes": [{"negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_25H2:*:*:*:*:*:*:arm64:*", "vulnerable": true, "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.26200.7462", "versionStartIncluding": "10.0.26200.0"}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2022:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "vulnerable": true, "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.20348.4529", "versionStartIncluding": "10.0.20348.0"}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2025:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "vulnerable": true, "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.26100.7462", "versionStartIncluding": "10.0.26100.0"}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_23H2:*:*:*:*:*:*:arm64:*", "vulnerable": true, "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.22631.6345", "versionStartIncluding": "10.0.22631.0"}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_23H2:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*", "vulnerable": true, "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.22631.6345", "versionStartIncluding": "10.0.22631.0"}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_23h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "vulnerable": true, "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.25398.2025", "versionStartIncluding": "10.0.25398.0"}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_24H2:*:*:*:*:*:*:arm64:*", "vulnerable": true, "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.26100.7462", "versionStartIncluding": "10.0.26100.0"}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2025:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "vulnerable": true, "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.26100.7462", "versionStartIncluding": "10.0.26100.0"}], "operator": "OR"}]}], "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "f38d906d-7342-40ea-92c1-6c4a2c6478c8", "shortName": "microsoft", "dateUpdated": "2026-04-16T14:18:20.423Z"}}}, "cveMetadata": {"cveId": "CVE-2025-62456", "state": "PUBLISHED", "dateUpdated": "2026-04-16T14:18:20.423Z", "dateReserved": "2025-10-14T18:24:58.483Z", "assignerOrgId": "f38d906d-7342-40ea-92c1-6c4a2c6478c8", "datePublished": "2025-12-09T17:55:33.275Z", "assignerShortName": "microsoft"}, "dataVersion": "5.2"}

{"configurations": [{"nodes": [{"cpeMatch": [{"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_23h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "6DCE32D0-A9E0-4029-AB35-5E202A42AF01", "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.22631.6345", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_24h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "8DCD2A6E-7CD0-4FCC-AC11-5A1470776C24", "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.26100.7392", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_25h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "8EA08CDD-D682-403D-8B50-879EB4D88C67", "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.26200.7392", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2022:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "C552FBB4-8F98-492E-A084-AF14C9514A67", "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.20348.4467", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2022_23h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "E9CE4A36-DA42-40CC-8724-E30A22CA84B6", "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.25398.2025", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2025:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "35BBEADA-D039-479B-A1BA-B2A7E37235BE", "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.26100.7392", "vulnerable": true}], "negate": false, "operator": "OR"}]}], "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Resilient File System (ReFS) allows an authorized attacker to execute code over a network."}], "id": "CVE-2025-62456", "lastModified": "2025-12-12T20:03:27.840", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 8.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "impactScore": 5.9, "source": "secure@microsoft.com", "type": "Primary"}]}, "published": "2025-12-09T18:15:57.143", "references": [{"source": "secure@microsoft.com", "tags": ["Vendor Advisory"], "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-62456"}], "sourceIdentifier": "secure@microsoft.com", "vulnStatus": "Analyzed", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-122"}], "source": "secure@microsoft.com", "type": "Primary"}]}

{}

{"analysis": {"en": {"generated_at": "2026-04-20T16:40:19.888455+00:00", "value": {"mitigation_remediation": ["Apply the most recent Windows security update that addresses CVE-2025-62456 to all Windows 11 and Windows Server 2022/2025 installations.", "Restrict or disable the use of ReFS on network shares that are exposed to untrusted or remote participants.", "Enable detailed file system auditing and monitor ReFS-related events for signs of anomalous activity."], "summary": {"action": "Immediate Patch", "impact": "Remote Code Execution"}, "threat_synthesis": {"affected_systems": "Affected systems include Microsoft Windows 11 versions 23H2, 24H2, 25H2 and 22H3, as well as Microsoft Windows Server 2022, the 2022 23H2 Server Core edition, and Microsoft Windows Server 2025 in both standard and Server Core installations. All of these product lines expose the ReFS component that contains the heap overflow bug.", "description_and_impact": "This vulnerability is a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) in the Windows Resilient File System (ReFS), allowing an authorized attacker to execute arbitrary code over a network connection. The flaw can lead to full compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability on affected systems by permitting the attacker to run malicious instructions with the privileges of the executing process.", "risk_and_exploitability": "The CVSS score of 8.8 indicates high severity, and the EPSS score of < 1% suggests that exploitation is unlikely but not impossible. The vulnerability is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog. Attackers must have authorized network access to an affected system and require sufficient privileges to trigger the overflow, implying the risk applies primarily to systems already compromised or to privileged users on the network."}}}}, "created": "2026-04-20T16:45:11.954306+00:00", "updated": "2026-04-20T16:45:11.954317+00:00", "vendors": []}