{"dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": {"cveId": "CVE-2025-71097", "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "Linux", "dateReserved": "2026-01-13T15:30:19.650Z", "datePublished": "2026-01-13T15:34:56.814Z", "dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T21:54:41.289Z"}, "containers": {"cna": {"providerMetadata": {"orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "shortName": "Linux", "dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T21:54:41.289Z"}, "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nipv4: Fix reference count leak when using error routes with nexthop objects\n\nWhen a nexthop object is deleted, it is marked as dead and then\nfib_table_flush() is called to flush all the routes that are using the\ndead nexthop.\n\nThe current logic in fib_table_flush() is to only flush error routes\n(e.g., blackhole) when it is called as part of network namespace\ndismantle (i.e., with flush_all=true). Therefore, error routes are not\nflushed when their nexthop object is deleted:\n\n # ip link add name dummy1 up type dummy\n # ip nexthop add id 1 dev dummy1\n # ip route add 198.51.100.1/32 nhid 1\n # ip route add blackhole 198.51.100.2/32 nhid 1\n # ip nexthop del id 1\n # ip route show\n blackhole 198.51.100.2 nhid 1 dev dummy1\n\nAs such, they keep holding a reference on the nexthop object which in\nturn holds a reference on the nexthop device, resulting in a reference\ncount leak:\n\n # ip link del dev dummy1\n [ 70.516258] unregister_netdevice: waiting for dummy1 to become free. Usage count = 2\n\nFix by flushing error routes when their nexthop is marked as dead.\n\nIPv6 does not suffer from this problem."}], "affected": [{"product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": ["net/ipv4/fib_trie.c"], "versions": [{"version": "493ced1ac47c48bb86d9d4e8e87df8592be85a0e", "lessThan": "5de7ad7e18356e39e8fbf7edd185a5faaf4f385a", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "493ced1ac47c48bb86d9d4e8e87df8592be85a0e", "lessThan": "33ff5c207c873215e54e6176624ed57423cb7dea", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "493ced1ac47c48bb86d9d4e8e87df8592be85a0e", "lessThan": "30386e090c49e803c0616a7147e43409c32a2b0e", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "493ced1ac47c48bb86d9d4e8e87df8592be85a0e", "lessThan": "5979338c83012110ccd45cae6517591770bfe536", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "493ced1ac47c48bb86d9d4e8e87df8592be85a0e", "lessThan": "ee4183501ea556dca31f5ffd8690aa9fd25b609f", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "493ced1ac47c48bb86d9d4e8e87df8592be85a0e", "lessThan": "e3fc381320d04e4a74311e576a86cac49a16fc43", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "493ced1ac47c48bb86d9d4e8e87df8592be85a0e", "lessThan": "ac782f4e3bfcde145b8a7f8af31d9422d94d172a", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}]}, {"product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "affected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": ["net/ipv4/fib_trie.c"], "versions": [{"version": "5.3", "status": "affected"}, {"version": "0", "lessThan": "5.3", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "5.10.248", "lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "5.15.198", "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.1.160", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.6.120", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.12.64", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.18.4", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.19", "lessThanOrEqual": "*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"}]}], "cpeApplicability": [{"nodes": [{"operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.3", "versionEndExcluding": "5.10.248"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.3", "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.198"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.3", "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.160"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.3", "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.120"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.3", "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.64"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.3", "versionEndExcluding": "6.18.4"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.3", "versionEndExcluding": "6.19"}]}]}], "references": [{"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5de7ad7e18356e39e8fbf7edd185a5faaf4f385a"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/33ff5c207c873215e54e6176624ed57423cb7dea"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/30386e090c49e803c0616a7147e43409c32a2b0e"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5979338c83012110ccd45cae6517591770bfe536"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ee4183501ea556dca31f5ffd8690aa9fd25b609f"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e3fc381320d04e4a74311e576a86cac49a16fc43"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ac782f4e3bfcde145b8a7f8af31d9422d94d172a"}], "title": "ipv4: Fix reference count leak when using error routes with nexthop objects", "x_generator": {"engine": "bippy-1.2.0"}}}}

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Therefore, error routes are not\nflushed when their nexthop object is deleted:\n\n # ip link add name dummy1 up type dummy\n # ip nexthop add id 1 dev dummy1\n # ip route add 198.51.100.1/32 nhid 1\n # ip route add blackhole 198.51.100.2/32 nhid 1\n # ip nexthop del id 1\n # ip route show\n blackhole 198.51.100.2 nhid 1 dev dummy1\n\nAs such, they keep holding a reference on the nexthop object which in\nturn holds a reference on the nexthop device, resulting in a reference\ncount leak:\n\n # ip link del dev dummy1\n [ 70.516258] unregister_netdevice: waiting for dummy1 to become free. Usage count = 2\n\nFix by flushing error routes when their nexthop is marked as dead.\n\nIPv6 does not suffer from this problem."}], "id": "CVE-2025-71097", "lastModified": "2026-03-25T16:56:30.463", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 5.5, "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "NONE", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "impactScore": 3.6, "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}]}, "published": "2026-01-13T16:16:09.583", "references": [{"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/30386e090c49e803c0616a7147e43409c32a2b0e"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/33ff5c207c873215e54e6176624ed57423cb7dea"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5979338c83012110ccd45cae6517591770bfe536"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5de7ad7e18356e39e8fbf7edd185a5faaf4f385a"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ac782f4e3bfcde145b8a7f8af31d9422d94d172a"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e3fc381320d04e4a74311e576a86cac49a16fc43"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ee4183501ea556dca31f5ffd8690aa9fd25b609f"}], "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "vulnStatus": "Analyzed", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "NVD-CWE-Other"}], "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}]}

{"bugzilla": {"description": "kernel: ipv4: Fix reference count leak when using error routes with nexthop objects", "id": "2429035", "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2429035"}, "csaw": false, "cvss3": {"cvss3_base_score": "7.0", "cvss3_scoring_vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "status": "draft"}, "details": ["No description is available for this CVE."], "name": "CVE-2025-71097", "package_state": [{"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}], "public_date": "2026-01-13T00:00:00Z", "references": ["https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71097\nhttps://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-71097\nhttps://lore.kernel.org/linux-cve-announce/2026011344-CVE-2025-71097-7cfc@gregkh/T"], "threat_severity": "Moderate"}

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