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{"bugzilla": {"description": "brace-expansion: brace-expansion: Denial of Service via unbounded brace range expansion", "id": "2436942", "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2436942"}, "csaw": false, "cvss3": {"cvss3_base_score": "6.5", "cvss3_scoring_vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "status": "draft"}, "cwe": "CWE-409", "details": ["@isaacs/brace-expansion is a hybrid CJS/ESM TypeScript fork of brace-expansion. Prior to version 5.0.1, @isaacs/brace-expansion is vulnerable to a denial of service (DoS) issue caused by unbounded brace range expansion. When an attacker provides a pattern containing repeated numeric brace ranges, the library attempts to eagerly generate every possible combination synchronously. Because the expansion grows exponentially, even a small input can consume excessive CPU and memory and may crash the Node.js process. This issue has been patched in version 5.0.1.", "A flaw was found in the brace-expansion component. This denial of service (DoS) vulnerability allows a remote attacker to provide specially crafted input containing repeated numeric brace ranges. This input causes the library to attempt an unbounded expansion, consuming excessive CPU and memory resources. 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Automation 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_bpms_platform:7", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "package_name": "org.uberfire-uberfire-parent", "product_name": "Red Hat Process Automation 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:quay:3", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "package_name": "quay/quay-rhel8", "product_name": "Red Hat Quay 3"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:quay:3", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "package_name": "quay/quay-rhel9", "product_name": "Red Hat Quay 3"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:red_hat_single_sign_on:7", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "package_name": "org.keycloak-keycloak-parent", "product_name": "Red Hat Single Sign-On 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:amq_streams:2", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "package_name": "com.github.streamshub-console", "product_name": "streams for Apache Kafka 2"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:amq_streams:3", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "package_name": "com.github.streamshub-console", "product_name": "streams for Apache Kafka 3"}], "public_date": "2026-02-04T21:51:17Z", "references": ["https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-25547\nhttps://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-25547\nhttps://github.com/isaacs/brace-expansion/security/advisories/GHSA-7h2j-956f-4vf2"], "statement": "Exploitation of this flaw requires that a user or service processes untrusted input.", "threat_severity": "Moderate"}

{"analysis": {"en": {"generated_at": "2026-04-17T23:08:31.828477+00:00", "value": {"mitigation_remediation": ["Upgrade @isaacs/brace-expansion to version 5.0.1 or later.", "Validate or sanitize patterns before passing them to brace\u2011expansion, rejecting or limiting excessively large brace ranges.", "Configure Node.js resource limits (e.g., --max-old-space-size) and monitor CPU/memory usage to detect and mitigate sudden spikes that may indicate abuse."], "summary": {"action": "Patch", "impact": "Denial of Service"}, "threat_synthesis": {"affected_systems": "Applications that depend on isaacs:brace-expansion before version 5.0.1 are affected. Any Node.js project importing this library, especially those that process user\u2011supplied brace patterns, should be considered vulnerable. The problem is limited to the library itself; other Node.js modules are not directly impacted unless they transitively use brace\u2011expansion.", "description_and_impact": "@isaacs/brace-expansion, a TypeScript fork of the brace\u2011expansion library, contains a denial of service flaw that triggers when an attacker supplies a pattern with repeated numeric brace ranges. The library attempts to eagerly generate every combination synchronously, and because the possible combinations grow exponentially, even a modest input can exhaust CPU cycles and memory, eventually crashing the Node.js process. The issue is rooted in resource exhaustion (CWE\u20111333) and potential uncontrolled recursion or expansion (CWE\u2011409).", "risk_and_exploitability": "The flaw carries a CVSS score of 9.2, indicating a high severity impact. Current exploit probability according to EPSS is below 1%, suggesting a low likelihood of widespread exploitation, though no high\u2011profile exploits have been reported. The vulnerability is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog. The attack vector is inferred to be remote or local, depending on whether the application accepts user input that is handed to brace\u2011expansion. An attacker could send a crafted pattern over the network or supply it via a command line argument, leading to denial of service against the affected process."}}}}, "created": "2026-02-05T11:39:44.293690+00:00", "updated": "2026-04-17T23:15:30.803111+00:00", "vendors": ["isaacs", "isaacs$PRODUCT$brace-expansion"]}