{"dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": {"cveId": "CVE-2026-28783", "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M", "dateReserved": "2026-03-03T14:25:19.244Z", "datePublished": "2026-03-04T16:50:27.191Z", "dateUpdated": "2026-03-06T05:01:22.026Z"}, "containers": {"cna": {"title": "Craft has a Twig Function Blocklist Bypass", "problemTypes": [{"descriptions": [{"cweId": "CWE-94", "lang": "en", "description": "CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')", "type": "CWE"}]}, {"descriptions": [{"cweId": "CWE-184", "lang": "en", "description": "CWE-184: Incomplete List of Disallowed Inputs", "type": "CWE"}]}, {"descriptions": [{"cweId": "CWE-1336", "lang": "en", "description": "CWE-1336: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine", "type": "CWE"}]}], "metrics": [{"cvssV4_0": {"attackVector": "NETWORK", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackRequirements": "NONE", "privilegesRequired": "HIGH", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH", "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH", "subConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "subIntegrityImpact": "HIGH", "subAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 9.4, "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H", "version": "4.0"}}], "references": [{"name": "https://github.com/craftcms/cms/security/advisories/GHSA-5fvc-7894-ghp4", "tags": ["x_refsource_CONFIRM"], "url": "https://github.com/craftcms/cms/security/advisories/GHSA-5fvc-7894-ghp4"}, {"name": "https://github.com/craftcms/cms/pull/18208", "tags": ["x_refsource_MISC"], "url": "https://github.com/craftcms/cms/pull/18208"}], "affected": [{"vendor": "craftcms", "product": "cms", "versions": [{"version": ">= 5.0.0-RC1, <= 5.9.0-beta.1", "status": "affected"}, {"version": ">= 4.0.0-RC1, <= 4.17.0-beta.1", "status": "affected"}]}], "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa", "shortName": "GitHub_M", "dateUpdated": "2026-03-04T16:50:27.191Z"}, "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "Craft is a content management system (CMS). Prior to 5.9.0-beta.1 and 4.17.0-beta.1, Craft CMS implements a blocklist to prevent potentially dangerous PHP functions from being called via Twig non-Closure arrow functions. In order to be able to successfully execute this attack, you need to either have allowAdminChanges enabled on production, or a compromised admin account, or an account with access to the System Messages utility. Several PHP functions are not included in the blocklist, which could allow malicious actors with the required permissions to execute various types of payloads, including RCEs, arbitrary file reads, SSRFs, and SSTIs. This vulnerability is fixed in 5.9.0-beta.1 and 4.17.0-beta.1."}], "source": {"advisory": "GHSA-5fvc-7894-ghp4", "discovery": "UNKNOWN"}}, "adp": [{"metrics": [{"other": {"type": "ssvc", "content": {"timestamp": "2026-03-05T00:00:00+00:00", "options": [{"Exploitation": "none"}, {"Automatable": "no"}, {"Technical Impact": "total"}], "role": "CISA Coordinator", "version": "2.0.3", "id": "CVE-2026-28783"}}}], "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment", "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "shortName": "CISA-ADP", "dateUpdated": "2026-03-06T05:01:22.026Z"}}]}}

{"dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "containers": {"adp": [{"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment", "metrics": [{"other": {"type": "ssvc", "content": {"id": "CVE-2026-28783", "role": "CISA Coordinator", "options": [{"Exploitation": "none"}, {"Automatable": "no"}, {"Technical Impact": "total"}], "version": "2.0.3", "timestamp": "2026-03-04T17:33:33.420655Z"}}}], "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "shortName": "CISA-ADP", "dateUpdated": "2026-03-04T17:34:00.593Z"}}], "cna": {"title": "Craft has a Twig Function Blocklist Bypass", "source": {"advisory": "GHSA-5fvc-7894-ghp4", "discovery": "UNKNOWN"}, "metrics": [{"cvssV4_0": {"version": "4.0", "baseScore": 9.4, "attackVector": "NETWORK", "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H", "userInteraction": "NONE", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackRequirements": "NONE", "privilegesRequired": "HIGH", "subIntegrityImpact": "HIGH", "vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH", "subAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH", "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH", "subConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH"}}], "affected": [{"vendor": "craftcms", "product": "cms", "versions": [{"status": "affected", "version": ">= 5.0.0-RC1, <= 5.9.0-beta.1"}, {"status": "affected", "version": ">= 4.0.0-RC1, <= 4.17.0-beta.1"}]}], "references": [{"url": "https://github.com/craftcms/cms/security/advisories/GHSA-5fvc-7894-ghp4", "name": "https://github.com/craftcms/cms/security/advisories/GHSA-5fvc-7894-ghp4", "tags": ["x_refsource_CONFIRM"]}, {"url": "https://github.com/craftcms/cms/pull/18208", "name": "https://github.com/craftcms/cms/pull/18208", "tags": ["x_refsource_MISC"]}], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "Craft is a content management system (CMS). Prior to 5.9.0-beta.1 and 4.17.0-beta.1, Craft CMS implements a blocklist to prevent potentially dangerous PHP functions from being called via Twig non-Closure arrow functions. In order to be able to successfully execute this attack, you need to either have allowAdminChanges enabled on production, or a compromised admin account, or an account with access to the System Messages utility. Several PHP functions are not included in the blocklist, which could allow malicious actors with the required permissions to execute various types of payloads, including RCEs, arbitrary file reads, SSRFs, and SSTIs. This vulnerability is fixed in 5.9.0-beta.1 and 4.17.0-beta.1."}], "problemTypes": [{"descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "type": "CWE", "cweId": "CWE-94", "description": "CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')"}]}, {"descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "type": "CWE", "cweId": "CWE-184", "description": "CWE-184: Incomplete List of Disallowed Inputs"}]}, {"descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "type": "CWE", "cweId": "CWE-1336", "description": "CWE-1336: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine"}]}], "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa", "shortName": "GitHub_M", "dateUpdated": "2026-03-04T16:50:27.191Z"}}}, "cveMetadata": {"cveId": "CVE-2026-28783", "state": "PUBLISHED", "dateUpdated": "2026-03-06T05:01:22.026Z", "dateReserved": "2026-03-03T14:25:19.244Z", "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa", "datePublished": "2026-03-04T16:50:27.191Z", "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M"}, "dataVersion": "5.2"}

{"configurations": [{"nodes": [{"cpeMatch": [{"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:craftcms:craft_cms:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "FD3AD543-D77F-4B2E-AF8D-1C7C724BD26D", "versionEndExcluding": "4.17.0", "versionStartExcluding": "4.0.0", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:craftcms:craft_cms:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "81B9164E-4845-4D81-A841-378CE4E32485", "versionEndExcluding": "5.9.0", "versionStartExcluding": "5.0.0", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:craftcms:craft_cms:4.0.0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "610F6DE9-720F-45B3-81D5-18E7F6B090FD", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:craftcms:craft_cms:4.0.0:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "CC2F40FC-7C27-456A-B16D-679410D1D5CF", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:craftcms:craft_cms:4.0.0:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "FBAA8227-04F8-404C-907B-B0162B325F5A", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:craftcms:craft_cms:4.0.0:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "21B28E2C-327A-4CE6-ACAD-97E459712A55", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:craftcms:craft_cms:5.0.0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "1C7461CF-35AB-48E1-88B6-956DAE1D2AB4", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:craftcms:craft_cms:5.0.0:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "8D8E02D1-601A-4E2B-B619-4775BFDB72D0", "vulnerable": true}], "negate": false, "operator": "OR"}]}], "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "Craft is a content management system (CMS). Prior to 5.9.0-beta.1 and 4.17.0-beta.1, Craft CMS implements a blocklist to prevent potentially dangerous PHP functions from being called via Twig non-Closure arrow functions. In order to be able to successfully execute this attack, you need to either have allowAdminChanges enabled on production, or a compromised admin account, or an account with access to the System Messages utility. Several PHP functions are not included in the blocklist, which could allow malicious actors with the required permissions to execute various types of payloads, including RCEs, arbitrary file reads, SSRFs, and SSTIs. This vulnerability is fixed in 5.9.0-beta.1 and 4.17.0-beta.1."}], "id": "CVE-2026-28783", "lastModified": "2026-03-05T20:24:42.203", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 9.1, "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "HIGH", "scope": "CHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 2.3, "impactScore": 6.0, "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}], "cvssMetricV40": [{"cvssData": {"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED", "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED", "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackRequirements": "NONE", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "baseScore": 9.4, "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED", "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "privilegesRequired": "HIGH", "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED", "subAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH", "subConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "subIntegrityImpact": "HIGH", "userInteraction": "NONE", "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED", "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X", "version": "4.0", "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH", "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH", "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"}, "source": "security-advisories@github.com", "type": "Secondary"}]}, "published": "2026-03-04T17:16:21.690", "references": [{"source": "security-advisories@github.com", "tags": ["Issue Tracking", "Patch"], "url": "https://github.com/craftcms/cms/pull/18208"}, {"source": "security-advisories@github.com", "tags": ["Vendor Advisory", "Patch"], "url": "https://github.com/craftcms/cms/security/advisories/GHSA-5fvc-7894-ghp4"}], "sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com", "vulnStatus": "Analyzed", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-94"}, {"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-184"}, {"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-1336"}], "source": "security-advisories@github.com", "type": "Primary"}]}

{}

{"affected": [{"configurations": [{"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[5.0.0-RC1,5.9.0-beta.1]"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[4.0.0-RC1,4.17.0-beta.1]"}}], "enrichment": {"confidence": 83.0, "confidence_source": "matching", "scores": [{"score": 83.0, "source": "matching"}]}, "original": {"product": "cms", "source": "cna", "vendor": "craftcms"}, "product": "craftcms", "vendor": "craftcms"}], "analysis": {"en": {"generated_at": "2026-04-16T13:32:00.858062+00:00", "value": {"mitigation_remediation": ["Upgrade Craft CMS to version 5.9.0\u2011beta.1 or later, or 4.17.0\u2011beta.1 or later.", "Disable allowAdminChanges unless absolutely required and restrict its usage to trusted administrators.", "Restrict access to the System Messages utility to a minimal set of highly trusted users.", "Monitor application logs for unusual Twig function usage or attempts to execute disallowed PHP functions.", "If immediate upgrade is not possible, consider temporarily disabling the execution of all PHP functions via custom patch or configuration until a patch is applied."], "summary": {"action": "Immediate Patch", "impact": "Remote Code Execution via Twig function bypass"}, "threat_synthesis": {"affected_systems": "The back\u2011end product affected is Craft CMS. The CVE applies to all versions released before 5.9.0-beta.1 and 4.17.0-beta.1, including legacy 5.0.0 releases and the 4.0.0 series up through rc3. Any installation of those users is considered vulnerable unless the back\u2011end has been upgraded to the fixed versions. The vulnerability is tied to the system configuration that permits admin changes or provides access to system\u2011message editing functions. Administrators using the affected CMS should check the version in use against the fixed releases.", "description_and_impact": "Craft CMS prior to 5.9.0-beta.1 and 4.17.0-beta.1 implements a blocklist that is intended to prevent the execution of dangerous PHP functions through Twig non\u2011Closure arrow functions. The blocklist, however, does not include all potentially harmful PHP functions. Attackers who acquire either administrative privileges, the ability to modify system settings via allowAdminChanges, or access to the System Messages utility can exploit this omission to invoke disallowed PHP functions, allowing them to execute arbitrary code, read files, or perform SSRFs and SSTIs. This vulnerability is essentially a code\u2011execution flaw and is classified under CWE\u20111336, CWE\u2011184, and CWE\u201194.", "risk_and_exploitability": "The flaw carries a CVSS score of 9.4, indicating a high\u2011severity risk. Its EPSS score is below 1\u202f%, implying a low probability that an exploit is actively used; however the vulnerability is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog. Because the attack requires privileged access, the exploitation pathway is limited to environments where an attacker can enable allowAdminChanges or compromise an admin account. The overall risk is elevated for production sites that have not upgraded and still expose the required interfaces. The highest threat is the potential for remote code execution if the blocklist is bypassed."}}}}, "created": "2026-03-05T09:06:58.974076+00:00", "updated": "2026-04-16T13:45:21.942038+00:00", "vendors": ["craftcms", "craftcms$PRODUCT$craftcms"]}