{"dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": {"cveId": "CVE-2026-40158", "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M", "dateReserved": "2026-04-09T19:31:56.014Z", "datePublished": "2026-04-10T16:49:24.753Z", "dateUpdated": "2026-04-10T18:31:12.440Z"}, "containers": {"cna": {"title": "PraisonAI has Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') and Protection Mechanism Failure in praisonai", "problemTypes": [{"descriptions": [{"cweId": "CWE-94", "lang": "en", "description": "CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')", "type": "CWE"}]}, {"descriptions": [{"cweId": "CWE-693", "lang": "en", "description": "CWE-693: Protection Mechanism Failure", "type": "CWE"}]}], "metrics": [{"cvssV3_1": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 8.6, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "scope": "CHANGED", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1"}}], "references": [{"name": "https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI/security/advisories/GHSA-3c4r-6p77-xwr7", "tags": ["x_refsource_CONFIRM"], "url": "https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI/security/advisories/GHSA-3c4r-6p77-xwr7"}], "affected": [{"vendor": "MervinPraison", "product": "PraisonAI", "versions": [{"version": "< 4.5.128", "status": "affected"}]}], "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa", "shortName": "GitHub_M", "dateUpdated": "2026-04-10T16:49:24.753Z"}, "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "PraisonAI is a multi-agent teams system. Prior to 4.5.128, PraisonAI's AST-based Python sandbox can be bypassed using type.__getattribute__ trampoline, allowing arbitrary code execution when running untrusted agent code. The _execute_code_direct function in praisonaiagents/tools/python_tools.py uses AST filtering to block dangerous Python attributes like __subclasses__, __globals__, and __bases__. However, the filter only checks ast.Attribute nodes, allowing a bypass. The sandbox relies on AST-based filtering of attribute access but fails to account for dynamic attribute resolution via built-in methods such as type.getattribute, resulting in incomplete enforcement of security restrictions. The string '__subclasses__' is an ast.Constant, not an ast.Attribute, so it is never checked against the blocked list. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.5.128."}], "source": {"advisory": "GHSA-3c4r-6p77-xwr7", "discovery": "UNKNOWN"}}, "adp": [{"metrics": [{"other": {"type": "ssvc", "content": {"timestamp": "2026-04-10T18:31:02.529674Z", "id": "CVE-2026-40158", "options": [{"Exploitation": "poc"}, {"Automatable": "no"}, {"Technical Impact": "total"}], "role": "CISA Coordinator", "version": "2.0.3"}}}], "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment", "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "shortName": "CISA-ADP", "dateUpdated": "2026-04-10T18:31:12.440Z"}}]}}

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{"affected": [{"configurations": [{"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[0,4.5.128)"}}], "enrichment": {"confidence": 100.0, "confidence_source": "cna", "scores": [{"score": 100.0, "source": "cna"}]}, "original": {"product": "PraisonAI", "source": "cna", "vendor": "MervinPraison"}, "product": "praisonai", "vendor": "mervinpraison"}], "analysis": {"en": {"generated_at": "2026-04-10T18:22:28.901270+00:00", "value": {"mitigation_remediation": ["Upgrade PraisonAI to version 4.5.128 or newer."], "summary": {"action": "Immediate Patch", "impact": "Unrestricted code execution within the sandbox"}, "threat_synthesis": {"affected_systems": "The vulnerability affects the PraisonAI release maintained by MervinPraison, specifically all versions before 4.5.128. Users running any of these affected builds are at risk if they allow untrusted agents to execute code within the platform.", "description_and_impact": "PraisonAI\u2019s Python sandbox enforces security through AST filtering of attribute access. Prior to version 4.5.128, the filter only examines ast.Attribute nodes, allowing a type.__getattribute__ trampoline to bypass the blacklist. This enables an attacker to inject malicious code via the string '__subclasses__', which is parsed as an ast.Constant and never checked, leading to arbitrary code execution when the sandbox runs untrusted agent code. The weakness maps to CWE\u201194 (Code Injection) and CWE\u2011693 (Improper Control of Generation of Code).", "risk_and_exploitability": "The CVSS score of 8.6 indicates high severity, and while EPSS data is unavailable, the lack of a KEV listing suggests no publicly known widespread exploitation yet. The likely attack vector is the execution of malicious agent code supplied by an adversary, which then bypasses the sandbox and runs arbitrary Python. This could compromise confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the host system if the sandbox is used in a privileged context."}}}}, "created": "2026-04-13T12:43:49.264451+00:00", "updated": "2026-04-13T13:00:16.658443+00:00", "vendors": ["mervinpraison", "mervinpraison$PRODUCT$praisonai"]}