{"dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": {"cveId": "CVE-2026-41299", "assignerOrgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "VulnCheck", "dateReserved": "2026-04-20T14:01:13.151Z", "datePublished": "2026-04-20T23:08:12.586Z", "dateUpdated": "2026-04-21T13:38:25.512Z"}, "containers": {"cna": {"providerMetadata": {"orgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10", "shortName": "VulnCheck", "dateUpdated": "2026-04-20T23:08:12.586Z"}, "title": "OpenClaw < 2026.3.28 - Client Identity Spoofing in chat.send Gateway Provenance Guard", "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "OpenClaw before 2026.3.28 contains an authorization bypass vulnerability in the chat.send gateway method where ACP-only provenance fields are gated by self-declared client metadata from WebSocket handshake rather than verified authorization state. Authenticated operator clients can spoof ACP identity labels and inject reserved provenance fields intended only for the ACP bridge by manipulating client metadata during connection."}], "tags": ["x_open-source"], "datePublic": "2026-03-29T00:00:00.000Z", "problemTypes": [{"descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "cweId": "CWE-807", "description": "CWE-807 Reliance on Untrusted Inputs in a Security Decision", "type": "CWE"}]}], "affected": [{"vendor": "OpenClaw", "product": "OpenClaw", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "packageURL": "pkg:npm/openclaw", "versions": [{"version": "0", "status": "affected", "versionType": "semver", "lessThan": "2026.3.28"}, {"version": "2026.3.28", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}]}], "cpeApplicability": [{"nodes": [{"operator": "OR", "cpeMatch": [{"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:openclaw:openclaw:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*", "versionEndExcluding": "2026.3.28"}]}]}], "metrics": [{"format": "CVSS", "scenarios": [{"lang": "en", "value": "GENERAL"}], "cvssV4_0": {"attackVector": "NETWORK", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackRequirements": "NONE", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "LOW", "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE", "vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH", "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE", "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE", "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE", "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED", "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED", "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED", "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED", "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED", "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED", "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED", "version": "4.0", "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "baseScore": 7.1, "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N"}}, {"format": "CVSS", "scenarios": [{"lang": "en", "value": "GENERAL"}], "cvssV3_1": {"attackVector": "NETWORK", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "userInteraction": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "confidentialityImpact": "LOW", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "version": "3.1", "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "baseScore": 7.1, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N"}}], "references": [{"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-6xg4-82hv-cp6f", "name": "GitHub Security Advisory (GHSA-6xg4-82hv-cp6f)", "tags": ["vendor-advisory"]}, {"name": "VulnCheck Advisory: OpenClaw < 2026.3.28 - Client Identity Spoofing in chat.send Gateway Provenance Guard", "tags": ["third-party-advisory"], "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-client-identity-spoofing-in-chat-send-gateway-provenance-guard"}], "credits": [{"lang": "en", "value": "Peng Zhou (@zpbrent)", "type": "reporter"}], "x_generator": {"engine": "vulncheck"}}, "adp": [{"metrics": [{"other": {"type": "ssvc", "content": {"timestamp": "2026-04-21T13:38:14.878986Z", "id": "CVE-2026-41299", "options": [{"Exploitation": "none"}, {"Automatable": "no"}, {"Technical Impact": "partial"}], "role": "CISA Coordinator", "version": "2.0.3"}}}], "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment", "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "shortName": "CISA-ADP", "dateUpdated": "2026-04-21T13:38:25.512Z"}}]}}

{"dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "containers": {"cna": {"tags": ["x_open-source"], "title": "OpenClaw < 2026.3.28 - Client Identity Spoofing in chat.send Gateway Provenance Guard", "credits": [{"lang": "en", "type": "reporter", "value": "Peng Zhou (@zpbrent)"}], "metrics": [{"format": "CVSS", "cvssV4_0": {"Safety": "NOT_DEFINED", "version": "4.0", "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED", "baseScore": 7.1, "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED", "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N", "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED", "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackRequirements": "NONE", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE", "vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH", "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE", "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE", "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE", "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "LOW", "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"}, "scenarios": [{"lang": "en", "value": "GENERAL"}]}, {"format": "CVSS", "cvssV3_1": {"scope": "UNCHANGED", "version": "3.1", "baseScore": 7.1, "attackVector": "NETWORK", "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "userInteraction": "NONE", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "LOW"}, "scenarios": [{"lang": "en", "value": "GENERAL"}]}], "affected": [{"vendor": "OpenClaw", "product": "OpenClaw", "versions": [{"status": "affected", "version": "0", "lessThan": "2026.3.28", "versionType": "semver"}, {"status": "unaffected", "version": "2026.3.28", "versionType": "semver"}], "packageURL": "pkg:npm/openclaw", "defaultStatus": "unaffected"}], "datePublic": "2026-03-29T00:00:00.000Z", "references": [{"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-6xg4-82hv-cp6f", "name": "GitHub Security Advisory (GHSA-6xg4-82hv-cp6f)", "tags": ["vendor-advisory"]}, {"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-client-identity-spoofing-in-chat-send-gateway-provenance-guard", "name": "VulnCheck Advisory: OpenClaw < 2026.3.28 - Client Identity Spoofing in chat.send Gateway Provenance Guard", "tags": ["third-party-advisory"]}], "x_generator": {"engine": "vulncheck"}, "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "OpenClaw before 2026.3.28 contains an authorization bypass vulnerability in the chat.send gateway method where ACP-only provenance fields are gated by self-declared client metadata from WebSocket handshake rather than verified authorization state. Authenticated operator clients can spoof ACP identity labels and inject reserved provenance fields intended only for the ACP bridge by manipulating client metadata during connection."}], "problemTypes": [{"descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "type": "CWE", "cweId": "CWE-807", "description": "CWE-807 Reliance on Untrusted Inputs in a Security Decision"}]}], "cpeApplicability": [{"nodes": [{"cpeMatch": [{"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:openclaw:openclaw:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*", "vulnerable": true, "versionEndExcluding": "2026.3.28"}], "operator": "OR"}]}], "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10", "shortName": "VulnCheck", "dateUpdated": "2026-04-20T23:08:12.586Z"}}, "adp": [{"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment", "metrics": [{"other": {"type": "ssvc", "content": {"id": "CVE-2026-41299", "role": "CISA Coordinator", "options": [{"Exploitation": "none"}, {"Automatable": "no"}, {"Technical Impact": "partial"}], "version": "2.0.3", "timestamp": "2026-04-21T13:38:14.878986Z"}}}], "providerMetadata": {"shortName": "CISA-ADP", "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "dateUpdated": "2026-04-21T13:38:20.202Z"}}]}, "cveMetadata": {"cveId": "CVE-2026-41299", "state": "PUBLISHED", "dateUpdated": "2026-04-20T23:08:12.586Z", "dateReserved": "2026-04-20T14:01:13.151Z", "assignerOrgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10", "datePublished": "2026-04-20T23:08:12.586Z", "assignerShortName": "VulnCheck"}, "dataVersion": "5.2"}

{"configurations": [{"nodes": [{"cpeMatch": [{"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:openclaw:openclaw:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "16831C6C-CC20-4318-8F7C-9FCFB12A223F", "versionEndExcluding": "2026.3.28", "vulnerable": true}], "negate": false, "operator": "OR"}]}], "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "OpenClaw before 2026.3.28 contains an authorization bypass vulnerability in the chat.send gateway method where ACP-only provenance fields are gated by self-declared client metadata from WebSocket handshake rather than verified authorization state. Authenticated operator clients can spoof ACP identity labels and inject reserved provenance fields intended only for the ACP bridge by manipulating client metadata during connection."}], "id": "CVE-2026-41299", "lastModified": "2026-04-27T16:56:28.900", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "baseScore": 7.1, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "LOW", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "impactScore": 4.2, "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com", "type": "Primary"}], "cvssMetricV40": [{"cvssData": {"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED", "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED", "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackRequirements": "NONE", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "baseScore": 7.1, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED", "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED", "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE", "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE", "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE", "userInteraction": "NONE", "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED", "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X", "version": "4.0", "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE", "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "LOW", "vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH", "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"}, "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com", "type": "Secondary"}]}, "published": "2026-04-21T00:16:30.517", "references": [{"source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com", "tags": ["Vendor Advisory"], "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-6xg4-82hv-cp6f"}, {"source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com", "tags": ["Third Party Advisory"], "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-client-identity-spoofing-in-chat-send-gateway-provenance-guard"}], "sourceIdentifier": "disclosure@vulncheck.com", "vulnStatus": "Analyzed", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-807"}], "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com", "type": "Primary"}]}

{}

{"affected": [{"configurations": [{"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[0,2026.3.28)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "2026.3.28"}}], "enrichment": {"confidence": 95.0, "confidence_source": "inferred", "scores": [{"score": 95.0, "source": "inferred"}, {"score": 100.0, "source": "matching"}]}, "original": {"product": "OpenClaw", "source": "cna", "vendor": "OpenClaw"}, "product": "openclaw", "vendor": "openclaw"}], "analysis": {"en": {"generated_at": "2026-04-21T15:39:56.636025+00:00", "value": {"mitigation_remediation": ["Apply the latest OpenClaw release 2026.3.28 or later, which removes the reliance on client metadata for provenance gating.", "If a patch cannot be applied immediately, restrict or disable the chat.send gateway for operator clients and enforce server\u2011side provenance validation to reject any client\u2011supplied identity labels.", "Implement logging and monitoring of provenance field usage to detect anomalous injection attempts and review operator client activity for signs of compromise."], "summary": {"action": "Immediate Patch", "impact": "Authorization Bypass via Identity Spoofing"}, "threat_synthesis": {"affected_systems": "The vulnerability affects the OpenClaw application (vulnerable releases before 2026.3.28). It targets the chat.send gateway exposed by the Node.js\u2011based OpenClaw runtime and operates in environments where operator clients use WebSocket connections to communicate with the server.", "description_and_impact": "OpenClaw versions prior to 2026.3.28 allow authenticated operator clients to bypass authorization controls by manipulating WebSocket handshake client metadata. The chat.send gateway uses this self\u2011declared metadata, not the actual authorization state, to gate ACP\u2011only provenance fields. An attacker can therefore spoof ACP identity labels and inject reserved provenance data intended exclusively for the ACP bridge, potentially masquerading as legitimate system components and influencing downstream processing.", "risk_and_exploitability": "The CVSS score of 7.1 indicates a high risk of exploitation. Although the EPSS score is not available, the exploit requires only an authenticated operator client with WebSocket access, which can be achieved over the internet for publicly reachable OpenClaw instances. The vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV, but the attack vector involves authenticated network communication and could allow malicious provenance injection if the operator client is compromised or malicious. The impact is a significant authorization bypass that could lead to spoofed messages, data tampering, or inappropriate system interactions."}}}}, "created": "2026-04-21T00:30:22.737766+00:00", "updated": "2026-04-21T15:45:07.479323+00:00", "vendors": ["openclaw", "openclaw$PRODUCT$openclaw"]}